Auto irrigation system with

GSM notification
Block diagram
Power Supply 12v DC Adaptor

P1
Relay one
Soil moisture
Arduino UNO
sensor
Relay two P2

16x2 lcd display GSM Modem

SIM300
KIT
Abstract
• In This Plant Watering System, Soil Moisture Sensor checks the
moisture level in the soil and if moisture level is low then Arduino
switches On a water pump to provide water to the plant. Water pump
gets automatically off when system finds enough moisture in the soil.
• If water level is too high, the secondary pump gets switched on for
pumping excess water out from the field.
• Whenever system switched On or off the pump, a message is sent to
the user via GSM module, updating the status of water pump and soil
moisture. This system is very useful in Farms, gardens, home etc.
This system is completely automated and there is no need for any
human intervention.
Introduction –Embedded systems
• An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed
to perform a dedicated function. Since the system is dedicated to
specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and
cost of the product.
• Embedded system comprises of both hardware and software.
Embedded system is fast growing technology in various fields like
industrial automation, home appliances, automobiles, aeronautics
etc. Embedded technology uses PC or a controller to do the specified
task and the programming is done using assembly language
programming or embedded
Required materials
• Arduino Uno
• GSM Module
• Transistor BC547 (2)
• Connecting wires
• 16x2 LCD (optional)
• Power supply 12v 1A
• Relay 12v
• Water pump
• Soil Moisture Sensor
• Resistors (1k, 10k)
• Terminal connector
• Voltage Regulator IC LM317
GSM Module:
• Here we have used TTL SIM300 GSM module. The SIM300 is a
complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS Module which can be embedded
easily by customer or hobbyist. SIM900 GSM Module provides an
industry-standard interface; the SIM300 delivers GSM/GPRS
850/900/1800/1900MHz performance for voice, SMS, Data with low
power consumption. The design of this SIM300 GSM Module is slim
and compact.
• Quad - band GSM/GPRS module in small size.
• GPRS Enabled
• TTL Output
Arduino
• Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform, designed to
make the process of using electronics in multidisciplinary projects more
accessible.
• The hardware consists of a simple open hardware design for the Arduino
board of a standard programming language and the boot loader that runs
on the board.
• Arduino can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of
sensors and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and
other actuators.
• The microcontroller on the board is programmed using the Arduino
programming language (based on Wiring) and the Arduino development
environment (based on Processing). Arduino projects can be stand-alone or
they can communicate with software on running on a computer
Arduino
Relays
• A relay is an electrically operated switch.
• Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism
mechanically, but other operating principles are also used.
• Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-
power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and
controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by
one signal.
• The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits,
repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it
to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and
early computers to perform logical operations
Relays
circuit
Theory and circuit connection explanation

• Theory of this Automatic Plant Irrigation System is quite simple.

• First of all, it is a Completely Automated System and there is no need
of manpower to control the system.
• Arduino is used for controlling the whole process and GSM module is
used for sending alert messages to user on his Cell phone.
• An optional LCD is also used for displaying status and messages.
Control pins of LCD, RS and EN are connected to pin 14 and 15 of
Arduino and data pins of LCD D4-D7 are directly connected at pin 16,
17, 18 and 19 of Arduino
• Arduino is used for controlling whole the process of this Automatic
Plant Watering System.
• The output of soil sensor circuit is directly connected to digital pin D7
of Arduino.
• A LED is used at the sensor circuit, this LED’s ON state indicates the
presence of moisture in the soil and OFF state indicates the absence
of moisture in the soil.
• GSM module is used for sending SMS to the user. Here we have
used TTL SIM300 GSM module, which gives and takes TTL logic
directly (user may use any GSM module).
Working
• If moisture is present in soil then there is conduction between the two
probes of Soil Moisture sensor and due to this conduction, transistor Q2
remains in triggered/on state and Arduino Pin D7 remains Low.
• When Arduino reads LOW signal at D7, then it sends SMS to user about
“Soil Moisture is Normal. Motor turned OFF” and water pump remains in
Off state.
• Now if there is no Moisture in soil then Transistor Q2 becomes Off and Pin
D7 becomes High. Then Arduino reads the Pin D7 and turns On the water
motor and also sends message to user about “Low Soil Moisture detected.
Motor turned ON”. Motor will automatically turn off when there is
sufficient moisture in the soil.