Saint Domingue was Led by wealthy White settlers in Saint-

one of the richest of all planters, white Domigue sought the right
European colonies in to govern themselves, but A charismatic
residents stood at the
the Caribbean. They top of society. Gens de
opposed proposals to vodou priest
produced sugar, coffee, grant political and legal
couleur farmed small equality to the gens de named Boukman
and cotton produced plots of land. Most of couleur. By May 1791 civil organized a slave
there accounted for slaves work the fields in war had broken out b/w
almost one-third of white settlers and gens de
revolt.
France’s foreign trade. brutal conditions. couleur.
 By 1797 he led an army
Slave forces eventually of twenty thousand
overcame white Toussaint built a that controlled most of
In 1791 at Saint-
settlers, gens de strong army by 1793. Saint-Domingue. In
Domingue white, gens
de couleur, and slave couleur, and foreign He played French, 1801 he spread a
factions battled one armies. Francois British, and Spanish constitution that
another. Domingue Toussaint forces against one granted equality and
(1744-1803) caused another. citizenship to all
this success. residents of Saint-
Domingue.
 When Toussaint died, Late in 1803 they
In 1802 Napoleon yellow fever had killed declared
dispatched forty the French army in independence. In 1804
thousand troops to Saint-Domingue. The they proclaimed the
restore French black generals who establishment of Haiti,
authority in Saint- succeeded Toussaint meaning “land of
Domingue. Toussaint had deafeated the mountains”. This
tired to make peace, remaining troops and became the second
but did not succeed . driven them out of the independent republic in
colony. the western
hemisphere