ANNELIDA

(Segmented Worms)
Reported By: Bagundol, Jamie Gellamucho
BSED-BIO III
• Annelida came from the Latin word “annelus” means little
ring
• Over 12,000 known species are grouped into 3 classes:
Polychaetes, Oligochaetes and Hirudinea
• The most highly advanced and most successful of the
various worms phyla
• Bilateral Symmetry

• Soft bodied animals in which the large fluid filled coelom

serves as a hydrostatic skeleton
 3 MAJOR CLASSES

CLASS POLYCHAETA
• From the Greek word poly (many) and chate (spine or
bristle)
• Largest class of annelids with over 8,000 species
• Live in ocean
Features

• Long, slender, greenish body is rounded and flattened

vertically and composed of 200 or more similar somites
• Distinct head is formed by prostomium and peristomium
• The prostomium bears 2 short prostomial tentacles,
pulps and eyes

• The peristomium surrounds the ventral mouth and

carries 4 pairs of peristomial tentacles
• The anus has two soft sensory anal cirri

• The body was covered by cuticle

• Within the body wall was coelomic cavity

EXAMPLES
Digestive System
• Includes mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine and
anus.

Circulatory System
• Comprised a dorsal and ventral vessel
• The plasma is red containing dissolved hemoglobin and
amoebocytes
• Circulation results from peristaltic contraction of dorsal
vessel
Respiration
• Effected by capillaries in the parapodia and body wall
Excretion
• Performed by paired nephridia
Nervous System
• Includes brain, nerves to the bead and tentacles, connectives
to the mid ventral nerve cord and a pair of ganglia and
lateral nerves
Reproduction
• Sexes are separate and gonads are present only on
breeding season
• Fertilization occurs in the sea
• Allows epitoke
 SUB CLASS
1. Errantia
• Those are free living; crawl or swim
• Have body of similar segments with well developed
parapodia
• with teeth or jaws
• Distinct head and organs

Alitta succinea
(known as the pile worm or clam worm)
 2. Sedentaria
• Those confined permanently to tubes, often with
the body divided into 2 or more regions or tagma

• Without a protrustible proboscis with jaws

• With a reduced head

Cirratulus cirratus
 3. Archiannelidda

• Small in size; segmentation chiefly internal

• Parapodia and setae usually absent
• Nervous system in epidermis; usually dioecious;
gonads numerous
• Marine

Polygordius (polychaete genus)

 CLASS OLIGOCHAETA
From the Greek word oligos (few) and chaeta (spine), have few
setae per segment
• Live in fresh water and moist soil
• 3,100 species

External Features
• The body is long and cylindrical bluntly tapered at each
end
• There’s no distinct head
• The mouth is the first somile and the anus is the last somile
• The clitellum that secrets material forming cocoons to
contain eggs
• A mature worm is divided into 115 200 somites
• Dorsal pore connect the body cavity and
exterior

Earthworm
Internal Structure

• The space between of the two concentric tubes, the outer

body wall and the digestive tract is the body cavity or coelom

• The coelom and all organisms within it are covered by

peritoneum
Digestive System

• Consist of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, intestine

and anus

• The intestine is thin walled and bulges laterally in each

somile and its dorsal wall carries an infolded thyposole
for absorption of food
Circulatory System

• Blood consist of fluid plasma that contains

amoebocytes
• Plasma is colored red by hemoglobin
• Blood circulate in a system of closed blood
vessels
Respiration
• No organized respiratory system
• Through epidermis

Excretory System

• Every somile except the first three and last has a pair
of nephridia
• Nephridia act much like tubules in human kidney
Nervous System
• A pair of supra pharyngeal cerebral ganglia, the
brain

Reproduction
• Monoecious; both male and female sex organs are
ventral and anterior
• Males sex organs: 2 pairs of minute testes, 2 sperm
funnel, ductus efferens, ductus deferens, malepore and
seminal vesicles
• Female sex organs includes ovaries, oviduct funnels,
oviduct and seminal receptacles
 ORDER
• Lumbriculida

Lumbriculus variegatus
• Monilogastrida

Moniligaster
• Haplotaxiada
Sub-Orders
B. Tubifiana
A. Haplotaxina

Tubifex
C. Lumbricana

haplotaxis

megascolides
 CLASS HIRUDINEA

• Aquatic or terrestrial worms

• Have enlarged terminal suckers for locomotion
and attachment
• Most are fluid feeding
• Blood sucking group( most)
• Scavengers, predators, or parasitic
• The body is divided into 34 somites
• 500 species
Features
• The body of a leech at rest is long or oval in outline
• Usually flat dorsoventrally and very flexible maybe
stretched
• Posterior end is a rounded sucker
• Another sucker surrounds the mouth at the anterior
end in many species
Digestive system
• Includes the mouth, pharynx, short esophagus, 20 pairs of
lateral caeca, a slender intestine, short rectum

Circulatory System
• Longitudinal sinuses , dorsal, ventral and lateral, with many
cross sections
• Pulsations in some of three cause the blood to circulate
Respirations
• A network of capillaries beneath the epidermis
Excretion
• It pairs of peculiar nephridia
• Sometimes branched and sometimes have closed
nephrostomes
Nervous System
• Pair of dorsal ganglia and paired connectives to the
ventral nerve cord
• Four of the anterior ganglia
• Seven at he posterior end are fused
Reproductive System
• Male reproductive system includes 4 to 12 pairs of testes
beneath the crop, ductus deferens running anteriorly
• 2 ducts enter a median penis to which accessory glands
connect
• The penis is within the general pore
• Female reproductive system includes 2 ovaries and oviducts
joining a single albumen gland and a median vagina that
opens just behind the male pore
• Sexes are united
Image Source: Google Images