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Tutorial 5 & 6
Q1.
• An 80-L vessel contains 4 kg of refrigerant-134a at a pressure
of 160 kPa. Determine (a) the temperature, (b) the quality, (c)
the enthalpy of the refrigerant, and (d) the volume occupied
by the vapor phase.
a) Refrigerant compressed liquid or saturated mixture region??
Finding specific volume first:
x = 0.157
c) At 160 kPa find hf and hfg
h= 64.2 kJ/kg
d) Mass of the vapor
mg= xmf = (0.157)(4 kg) = 0.628 kg
Volume ocupied
Vg = mgvg = (0.628)(0.12348 m3/kg) = 0.775 m3 (or 77.5 L)
Rest volume (2.5 L) occupied by liquid.
Q2.
• A piston-cylinder device contains 25 g of saturated water
vapor that is maintained at a constant pressure of 300 kPa. A
resistance heater within the cylinder is turned on and passes a
current of 0.2 A for 5 min from a 120-V source. At the same
time, a heat loss of 3.7 kJ occurs. (a) Show that for a closed
system the boundary work Wb and the change in the internal
energy ∆U in the first-law relation can be combined into one
term, ∆H for a constant pressure process. (b) Determine the
final temperature of the steam.
a) Energy balance
Ein Eout Esystem
Q W U KE PE
Q Wother Wb U 2 U 1
For constant pressure process, the boundary work becomes
Wb P 0(V 2 V 1)
Substitution gives:
Q Wother P 0(V 2 V 1) U 2 U 1
However,
P 0 P 2 P1 Q Wother (U 2 P 2V 2) (U 1 P1V 1)
Therefore,
Q Wother H 2 H 1
b) Determining the electrical work
We VIt (120V )(0.2 A)(300s) / 1000 7.2kJ
Initial state: P1=300 kPa, h1=hg at 300kPa = 2724.9 kJ/kg
For h2, using equation derived in part (a)
oC Phase
T, P, kPa U, kJ/kg x
description
E in E out
V1 2 . V2 2
m (h1 gz1 ) W out m (h2 gz 2 )
2 2
W out 5000kJ / s
m 5.73kg / s
wout 872.48kJ / kg
Problem 6
• In a shower system where water at 600C is
mixed with cold water at 100C. If it is desired
that a steady stream of warm water at 450C be
supplied, determine the ratio of the mass flow
rates of the hot to cold water. Assume heat
loss is negligible and mixing to take place at a
pressure at 150 kPa.