APPLICATION OF VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD TO MEASURE

CURCUMINOID LEVEL TURMERIC RHIZOME (CURCUMA DOMESTICA)

Indah lestari
1503113400
C-13

TUGAS MATA KULIAH INSTRUMENTASI 2017

 Preliminary

• Currently turmeric farmers have problems in selling the crops because of the
unavailability appropriate technology for farmers to be able to perform curcumin
content independently.
• Therefore, from this research will be made measuring instrument ef kurkuminoid
level based on visible spectrophotometric method for harvest sorting needs based
on market qualification for turmeric rhizome farmer with cheap and easy
component used by farmer, considering testing of curcumin level in tumeric
rhizome with instrumentation on stndard laboratory costs are high enough.
• In this study will be measured levels of curcuminoid contained in the rhizome of
fresh turmeric ( curcuma domestica ) grown in some areas of turmeric rhizome
producer in the area of central java and yogyakarta with different planting altitudes.
 Literrature review

• Curcumin is a phenolic derivative of the result of isolation of turmeric plant

rhizomes (curcuma domestica rhizome) containing desmetoxicurcumin, curcumin
and bisdesmetoxicurcumin, all of which are often referred to as curcuminoid.
• Spectrophotometry is a method of analysis based on the measurement of
monochromatic light absorption by a colored solution line at a specific wavelength
by using a monochromator prisma or diffraction grating with a hollow photon tube.
• This curcumin level gauge utilizes a polychromatic light source passed to a
monochromator prisma and a fixed positioned diffraction grating to produce
monochromatic light.
• Polychromatic light needs to be converted into monochromatic light because a color
for maximum absorption of the solution. The single color absorbed by the turmeric
solution (curcuma domestica val.) is the purple color of the visible viscous
spectrum obtain a complementary color of turmeric soluction (curcuma domestica
val.) is a yellowish green that has a wavelength of about 422 nm.
• ,
 Experimental method
Stages of research :
1. Collecting samples of termeric rhizome in areas ( jumantono karanganyar village, wonorigi area,
mengandaran village, wonosobo, and kunden imorigi village )
2. Making standard curve from from curcumin parent sulution to obtain standard equation of curve :
y=bx+a ....................................... (1)

How to create a solution for the standard curve is as follows:

Dissolve 10 mg raw kurkunim in 100 ml of ethanol p.a ( sulution 1)

Take 5 ml curcumin in soltion 1. insert into ml flask. Add ethanol to the mark ( solution 2)

Take 1,2,3,4 and 5 ml of curcumin in solution 2 technical ethanol ad 10 ml

Measure absorbance on λ= 405 dan 422 nm

 Preperation of turmeric samples from various planting places in the following manner :

Cut the rhizome 100 mg the center

v
Sample of turmeric crushed using mortar add technical ethanol to 200 ml

Filter filtrate plus technical ethanol up to 200 ml.

measure absorbance

Figure 1. block diagram

Making prototype of curcuminoid measuring instrument using diffraction grating monochromator and prism.
The values of b and a obtained on the standard curve equation are used to calculate the curcumin level in the
turmeric sample.
The difference in voltage between before and after laying of this curcumin solution is the absorbance value. (y).

By obtaining the y value of this measurement and the value of variables a and b are known, the curcumin value of
solution(x) will be abtained according to the above standard curve equation by the formula :

𝑦−𝑎
X= 𝑏
 Results and discussion
Absorbance
(y)
Curcumin Voltage diffraction
solution (ppm) Voltage monochromator grating
prism(mV) monochromator Spectrophotometer
(Volt)
1 (Karanganyar) 5,2 0,92 0,156
2 (Magelang) 5,6 2,24 0,306
3 (Imogiri) 5,7 3,28 0,461
4 (Wonosobo) 6,5 3,4 0,612
5 (Wonogiri) 6,7 4,35 0,764
Table 1. standard curve measurement results Picture 1. calculation of raw curve equation
and linearity level

From FIG. 1 it appears that the results obtained from the measurements using standard
spectrophotometers produced linear graphs with linearity level 1, whereas for 0,941 diffraction grating
and for prism of 0,943.

It appears that with the monochromator results with the monochromator are slighty more linear than
those of diffraction grating monochromator. This linearty level can still be improved by making the
cover along the beam of light,

So the measurement is not affected by the light from outside the light source. The received voltage
from the transmitted lightof the prism is very small, so it needs to be given a amplifier circuit.
 Absorbance (y)
Turmeric solution from the Voltage diffraction grating
NO region Voltage monochromator prism (mV) monochromator(Volt) Standard spectrophotometer

1 Karanganyar 5.1 2.56 0,609

2 Magelang 8.7 4.24 0,848
3 Imogiri 6.9 3.22 0,812
4 Wonosobo 6.7 2.63 0,532
5 Wonogiri 6.7 2.4 0,784

Table 2. result of absorbance measurement of turmeric sample

Table 2 shows the absorbance of turmeric samples from various planting areas using three
measuring instruments. Of these results are then used to measure the level of curcumin in
turmeric.
 Turmeric Kadar (x) Error (%)
Standard
solution from Prism spectrophotomet Prism diffraction
the region diffraction grating er
NO grating

1 Karanganyar 0.85 2.65 3.98 78.64 33.42

2 Magelang 10.08 4.75 5.55 81.62 14.41
3 Imogiri 5.46 3.48 5.31 2.82 34.46
4 Wonosobo 4.95 2.74 3.47 42.65 21.04
5 Wonogiri 4.95 2.45 5.13 3.51 52.24

Table 3. result of calculation termeric sample level (x)

• This difference results because the measurement is still in open condition, so there is a possibility of
being affected by the outside light
• In addition, the sample is measured after two hours of samples are extracted and located in the
environment

• Therefore the prototype of this curcumin level gauge still needs to be repaired, both appliance repair
and measurement method.
 Conclusion

from this research resulted prototype measuring instrument

curcuminoid level by using diffraction grater monochromator and prisma
with result of error range which still big, that is between 2,82-81,62%.
The third measuring instrument produces measurements of the highest
levels of curcuminoid produced by kunvit from the magelang region. the
voltage passed by the diffraction grating is greater than that of the
pronounced monochromator, which has a range of values between 0,92 –
4,35 V, while the prism monochromator has a range of 5,1-8,7 mv.
However, the prism monochromator produces linear voltage rather than a
monochromator with a linearity level of r2=0,943, whereas the linearity
for the diffraction grating of 0,941.
 bibliography
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Curcumin: Biological actions ans medicinal applications. Current Science. 87 (1) : 44 - 53.

Kurniasih, G., Asmiyanti Djaliasrin Djalil, Dwi Hartanti. (2007). Penetapan Kadar
Kurkuminoid dalam Jamu Serbuk Galian Putri yang Mengandung Simplisia
Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma Domestica Val.) yang Beredar di Kecamatan
Ketanggungan.
http://jurnal.ump.ac.id/index.php/pharmacy/article/download/217/209.

Faisal, M. (2012). Spektrofotometri.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/53453920/Referensi-Spektrofotometer- Terlengkap.