Design of Hydro Turbine System

For Extracting Fluid Power

Supervisor: Dr. Chong Wen Tong

MOHD HAFIZ BIN ABDULLAH KEM060051

TAN KENT HENG KEM060088
TEH MING CHING KEM060091
INTRODUCTION
Objective

• Constructing a hydro turbine

▫ Rate between 1kW – 4kW
▫ Rivers velocity of 0.5m/s – 0.8m/s
▫ Low head
▫ Environmental friendly
▫ Any weather conditions
• Increase the energy supply to Malaysia by
using renewable energy
 General knowledge of Hydro Turbine

• Turbine originally used in water wheels

• Use renewable energy source
• Differences of low head hydro turbine with
dams:
▫ Dam damage to surroundings
▫ Dam failures
▫ Greenhouse gas emission
▫ Population relocation
How Hydropower Works
Potential of Hydro Turbine
• Has the potential to produce the most
power compared to solar or wind power
• Many creeks and rivers are permanent, they
never dry up
• Produce power continuously, 24 hours
per day
Benefit
• Clean, domestic
• Renewable source of energy
• Inexpensive electricity
• Produce no pollution
TURBINE SELECTION
River Data

• B - River width in m
• Q - Flow discharge in m3/s
• V - Average velocity in m/s
• S0 - Energy slope
• d50 - Sediment diameter in mm
Choosing the Right Type of Turbine
Types of Reaction Turbine
Reason of choosing Cross flow Turbine
• The efficiency of cross flow turbines
is higher than propeller turbines
• Easier to fabricate
• No noise pollution

Our turbine design

CALCULATIONS & RESULTS
Block Diagram
Turbine Characteristic

• We chose airfoil NACA0012 with 3 blades;

•N=3 VD = 0.8m/s
c = 0.15m ρ = 1000kg/m3
R = 1.5m H = 2.25m
Calculation
1. OPEN FLOW:
 Lift coefficient
decreases as α>16⁰

16⁰
α>16⁰
2. GUIDEVANE
 Open flow = 1.14kW
Guidevane = 3.4kW

Power ratio = 3.4kW = 3 times

1.14kW
DISCUSSIONS
Hydro-turbine Generator
• Permanent Magnet generator that have a range of
power from 1kW until 4 kW.
• Efficiency of 60% to 70%.
• average electrical power output is
= 3405w x 65%
= 2213.25W
≈ 2.2 kW
Position of the Hydro-turbine
• The turbine will rest on the guidevane
• The guidevane is attached to any available
bridge
Servicing the Turbine
• The setting also was made to make maintenance
of the turbine easier.
Number of settings
FUTURE PLANNING
Ducted Guidevane
CONCLUSION
• Hydro-turbine with a low head can be
implemented to our country
• A turbine with dimension of 2.25m x 3m
can generates power up to 1kW in open flow
• If a guidevane is used, the power will
increase above 3 times.
• The turbine is environmental friendly