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IN TWO WHEELERS
INTRODUCTION
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Vehicle can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves,
freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually and to achieve
efficient driving.
ADVANTAGE:
Easier to drive in stop and go traffic
easier to use
fuel efficient.
Automatic gear shifting with microcontroller:
Engine runs smoothly without knocking , which increases the engine life.
1. Electro mechanical
2. Pneumatic
3. Hydraulic
Electro-mechanical automatic gear shifting:-
Main components :
Microcontroller
Electro-mechanical actuator
Relays
Wheel speed sensor
Working principle:
It is a proximity sensor.
Installed above the ring wheel.
Ring wheel connected to the wheel hub/drive shaft.
Speed sensor consists of permanent magnet .
Magnetic field extend to the pulse wheel.
Rotational movement of the pulse wheel and associated alteration of
the teeth and gap changes the magnetic field.
Induces an alternating voltage in the coil related to speed.
Electronic in the sensor convert the resulting sinusoidal signal in to
a digital signal.
Transmitted to the microcontroller unit .
Wheel speed sensor
Microcontroller
2 microcontroller units(MCU) are used.
MCU1
Function as to shift gear up and gear down
Control the power of the ignition coil
Sensing the neutral position of the gear
Producing the clutch enable signal to 2nd microcontroller
MCU2
Function as to control the clutch system by receiving signal from the
gear system microcontroller
Sensing the brake enable and disable condition for clutch pressing
Brief working of microcontroller
When power is supplied to the system:-
MCU1 first sends signal to the gear shifting system to bring the
gears into NEUTRAL position
MCU1 then sends signal to the gear shifting system to gear up when active
signal is received.
MCU1 sends signal to the MCU2 to release half clutch when motorcycle
running below 10 km/h
MCU1 gear down when speed sensor gives low active signal to gear down.
RELAY
A relay is an electrically operated switch
A switch is used to drive the microcontroller
Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power
signal.
Relay is used to sense the neutral gear position
In neutral position the relay provide an active low signal to the
Microcontroller
In any gear relay provide an active high signal to the microcontroller
Relay continued..