Globalization and the Role of Education

for Developing Countries

MEM 646- Comparative Educational System

Prepared by:
Benjie M. Manila
Master in Educational Management- Student
 Outline
• Definition
- Globalization
- Education
- Developing Countries
• State of World’s Education
• Globalization and the Role of Education in
Developing Countries
According to Van R. Wood (2000)…

The term “globalization” represents the

international system that is shaping most
societies today. It is a process that is “super
charging” the interaction and integration of
cultures, politics, business and intellectual
elements around the world.
 Globalization
• in its literal sense is the process of transformation of
local or regional phenomena into global ones.
• It can be described as a process by which the people
of the world are unified into a single society and
function together.
• It is a process of interaction and integration among
the people, companies, and governments of different
nations, a process driven by international trade and
investment and aided by information technology.
Education
• Education in its general sense is a form of
learning in which the knowledge, skills,
values, beliefs and habits of a group of people
are transferred from one generation to the
next through storytelling, discussion, teaching,
training, and or research.
• Education may also include informal
transmission of such information from one
human being to another
• This process has effects on the environment,
on culture, on political systems, on economic
development and prosperity, and on human
physical well-being in societies around the
world.
• It is a mode of acquiring human capabilities.
Globalization aims for the development of
human well being.
 Education is the key for that aim.
Education is essential for development.
Developing Country
, also called a less-developed country, is a nation
with a lower standard of living,
underdeveloped industrial base, and low
Human Development Index (HDI) relative to
other countries.
 The State of the
World’s Education
• In 1990, 155 countries met in Jomtien,
Thailand and agreed on a framework for
action to implement the World Declaration on
Education for All (AFA)
• In this framework, countries aim for universal
completion of primary education by 2000.
• by 2000 that the goal of universal primary
education was far from being achieved.
• The international community included
universal completion of primary education by
2015 among the United Nations Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs).
• The MDGs included also the elimination of
‘Gender disparity in primary and secondary
education by 2005 and all levels by 2015.
 Good News….
• The good news is that the world has made progress
in moving toward the MDG on primary education.
• Two developing regions – Latin America and the
Caribbean (which is very close to the goal),
• Middle East and North Africa – have made enough
progress that they are on track to achieve that goal
by 2015.
• The East Asia and the Pacific region has reached a
very high completion level, though it would not quite
reach 100% by 2015 at its current rate of
improvement.
 Bad News….

• It is becoming increasingly apparent that

many countries will not meet the 2015 target.
• Progress is slow in Europe and Central Asia;
and in Sub-Saharan Africa, it is both slow and
starts from a low point.
• South Asia is ahead of Sub-Saharan Africa but
it, too, will not reach the goal without a near-
term,
United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization (2005),

• Secondary and tertiary education, have been

noticeably absent from global education
initiatives, despite growing recognition of their
economic and social importance.
• An estimated 217 million children of secondary
school
• age are projected to be missing from secondary
school in 2015.
• In developing countries, test scores, are low in
developing countries, strongly suggesting that
educational quality is low.
• In Gender disparities in some
developing countries are vast:
• In South Asia- 52 per cent of boys, for
example, are enrolled at secondary
level, compared to just 33 per cent of
girls.
• 84% of boys but only 71% of girls
complete primary education.
 Prima Facie Case of Discrimination
• A lack of education severely limits a girl’s
opportunities in life.
• Girls who do not attend school tend to have
children earlier.
• Uneducated mothers are less able to look after
the health and education of their own children
and are less able to manage family finances.
• Since education boosts earnings, uneducated
women tend to earn less because they do not
have the skills to participate in many sectors of an
economy, and also because they are female.
Education gives people the skills they need to help
themselves out of poverty and into prosperity.
Edukasyon ang Sagot! Individual and Society
 In developing countries, it has been
estimated that each additional year of education
raises earning power by well over 10 per cent.

Economic Growth

Education raises national labor

productivity
Improves Health
Education can create Gender
Equality
Democracy and political stability