ANTROPOLOGI

KESEHATAN
KE-3
Prof. (Em) Dr.dr.
H. Muhammad Rusli Ngatimin
MPH.
 MEDICAL SYSTEM
AND ITS APPLICATION
Example of belief and practice:
1. Sorcery lakukan => lebih baik
2. Taboo; jangan lakukan => lebih buruk
Contoh di bidang K.I.A.
Sorcery : “mappanre mangngideng” (Bgs)
tingkepan (Jawa)
Taboo : “maddadi, gatta kelorang, mollo-
mollo doang”.
 TABOO dan PERSONA

1. PARAKANG => diare <= dehidrasi

2. KANDOLE => perdarahan <= pl.previa
3. INKANTOS => untung, hidup.sial, mati
4. BATITONG => <= PARAKANG
5. “I ATI” => KASUWIYENG, JANGKA
SAGALA dan PAKKASUWIYENG
 SOCIAL STRUCTURE
AND HEALTH PROGRAM
DARI ASPEK SOSIAL
Read:
“health is the central objective in religion
behavior and represents the correct
balance between man and his total
physical, social and supernatural
environment”
Ngatimin:“macengke” dan “rambu solok”
 KEBIJAKAN
SOSIAL DAN KESEHATAN
Mair:
• Mampu menunjukkan “keampuhan”
pengobatan moderen: patek, obat
sulfonamide (luka);
2. Menerima kesediaan masyarakat
untuk
bekerja sama;
3. Kesiapan program masa depan
 HIDUP SEHAT
Indikator:
Pengamalan perilaku sehat secara
Berkesinambungan.
Proses
Teori perubahan perilaku
a. Rogers and Shoemaker;
b. Maslow;
c. Lewin.
 ROGERS and SHOEMAKER
ADOPTION PROCESS
1. AW areness;
2. IN terest;
3. E valuation;
4. T rial;
5. A doption
Ingat: AWINETA
 MASLOW
“Hierarchy of Motivational Needs”
(5)
Self
actualization needs
(4)
Esteem needs
(3)
Love needs
(2)
Safety needs
(1)
Physiological needs
 LEWIN’S
five phase unfreezing to freezing theory

1. The unfreezing phase;

2. The problem-diagnostic phase;
3. The goal-setting phase;
4. The new-behavior phase;
5. The refreezing phase.
 PERUBAHAN PERILAKU
o-----------------o------------------o-----------------o
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT OUTCOME
“what “what
is” should be”
<====== discrepancy ======>
a. “what is” perilaku yang di awal kegiatan;
b. proses dan teori petubahan perilaku;
a. “what should be” = hasil statistik
 DUKUN DI INDONESIA
(KASUS JAWA TENGAH)

DJENIS DUKUN DI INDONESIA

KAUS JAWA TENGAH
(GEERTZ, JAWA TENGAH)
JENIS DUKUN”
1. DUKUN PENGOBATAN 6. DUKUN BERANAK
2. DUKUN PATAH TULANG 7. DUKUN WIWIT
3. DUKUN SIHIR 8. DUKUN SIWER
4. DUKUN SUSUK 9. DUKUN CALAK
5. DUKUN PENGANTEN 10 FUKUN PIJET
 PERALIHAN KONSEP
dari “kesetanan” ke “kesehatan”
KESETANAN:
1. Lack of knowledge;’
2. Ignorance;
3. Poverty.
Tidak tahu penyakit secara sempurna,
menuduh “setan: sebagai “penyebab”;
KESEHATAN
BPC, WEP, => HEALTH EDUCATION.
 HEALTH EDUCATION
1. WINSLOW;
“the education of thr individual in principle
of personal hygiene”
2. “hygiene”  free from disease germs;
3. a. Nyswander :”process of change”;
b. SOPHE “health related behavior”
c. WHO: “improve healthy literacy, life
skill and community health;

Merubah perilaku dalam proses perorangan

 HEALTH PROMOTION
WHO:
Health promotion is to increase control
over and to improve their health;

Merubah pengamalan periaku seseorang

seraya merubah lingkungan dan
Institusinya.
 H. ED. vs H. PROM
Naldoo and Wills:

Health Promotion
can be seen as an umbrella
terms incorporating aspects of
Health Education.
 MEROKOK
HEALTH EDUCATION VS HEALTH PROMOTION

APA BEDANYA:

“DILARANG MEROKOK”
DENGAN
“RUANGAN INI
BEBAS ASAP ROKOK”