GROUP 4

1. Ade Afriyandi
2. Hayya Afifah
3. Indri Puspita Sari
4. Jose Fernando Panjaitan
5. Muhammad Dani
6. Windi Ardi Kusuma
 HISTORY OF PALM OIL
Oil palm is an important industrial plant of
cooking oil, idnutri oil, nor fuel (bio diesel). Its
plantations generate huge profits so that many old
forests and plantations are converted into oil palm
plantations. Indonesia's largest palm oil producer in
the world. In Indonesia its distribution in Aceh,
Pantai timur, jawa, kalimantan and sulawesi.
 Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) originating
from western Africa, is a major producer of
vegetable oils that have higher productivity
than other vegetable oils. Palm oil was first
introduced in Indonesia by the Dutch
government in 1848. At that time there were 4
seeds of oil palm grown in Bogor Botanical
Garden, two from Bourbon (Mauritius) and
two others from Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam
( Netherlands).
Initially oil palm plants were cultivated as
ornamental plants, while the cultivation of
crops for new commercial purposes began in
1911.
 The pioneer of oil palm plantation in Indonesia is
Adrien Hallet (Belgian), then the cultivation which he
did followed by K.Schadt which marked the birth of oil
palm plantation in Indonesia began to develop. The first
oil palm plantations are located on the East Coast of
Sumatra (Deli) and Aceh. Plantation area reaches 5,123
Ha.
 At the time of Dutch occupation, oil palm
plantations advanced rapidly to shift the dominance of
African Countries exports at that time. Entering the
Japanese occupation, oil palm development declined.
The plantation land depreciated by 16% of the total land
area so that the production of palm oil in Indonesia only
reached 56,000 tons in 1948/1949, when in 1940
Indonesia exported 250,000 tons of palm oil.
 In 1957, after the Netherlands and Japan left
Indonesia, the government took over the plantation (for
political and security reasons). To secure the course of
production, the government placed military officers at
every level of plantation management. The government
also established BUMIL (Military Workers) which is a
collaboration between plantation workers and the
military. Changes in management of plantations and
socio-political conditions and domestic security are not
conducive, resulting in decreased palm oil production
and Indonesia's position as the world's largest supplier of
palm oil displaced by Malaysia.
 During the New Order government, plantation
development was directed in order to create
opportunities, improve the welfare of society and the
country's foreign exchange sector. The government
continues to encourage the opening of new land for
plantations. Until 1980, the land area reached 294,560
Ha with CPO production (Crude Palm Oil) of 721 172
tons. Since then the land of oil palm plantation
Indonesia is growing rapidly, especially the people's
plantation. This is supported by the Government's policy
of implementing the Nucleus Estate Company (PIR -
BUN) program.
 The area of oil palm plantation continues to grow
rapidly in Indonesia. This shows the increasing demand
for processed products. Exports of palm oil (CPO)
Indonesia, among others to the Netherlands, India,
China, Malaysia and Germany, while for palm kernel oil
products (PKO) more widely exported to the
Netherlands, the United States and Brazil.
And this is the type of oil palm and
its varieties:
1. Dura varieties

Characteristic features :
 Have a shell with a thickness of 2-3 mm.
 Flesh is relatively thin 35-50% fruit.
 Large seeds with low oil content.
 In crosses in use for female breeders.
 2. Psirera Variety
Characteristic features :

 The thickness of the shell is relatively thin.

 Thick, thick flesh of dura fruit.
 Meat is very thin.
 Low yielded palm oil.
 Can not be multiplied without crossing with other
types of palm.
 3. Variety of tenera
Characteristic features :

 The crosses from the two are arranged.

 Have a thin shell of 0-5 mm.
 There are circular fibers around the shell.
 The fruit sauce is very thick.
 The fruit bunches are numerous, but they are small
in size.
 The weight of bunches reaches 22-24%.
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