When I woke up this morning, my parents ______

already.
a.) leave
b.) had left
c.) were leaving
d.) left
When I woke up this morning, my parents
had left already.

I woke up this morning

 my parents had left already.
 HOW DO WE USE THE PAST PERFECT
TENSE?

 The past perfect tense expresses action in the past

before another action in the past. This is the past in the
past.

EXAMPLE :
 The train left at 9am. We arrived at 9.15am. When we
arrived, the train had left.
THE KEY WORDS OF THIS TENSE
ARE:

 AS SOON AS
 BY THE TIME
 AFTER
 BEFORE
 WHEN
 THE KEY WORDS OF THIS TENSE ARE:

after {had + PP} , Past simple

as soon as

before
By the time
{ Past simple }, had + PP
Make similar sentences using after and before.

Finish work-watch TV

After I had finished work , I watched TV.

Before I watched TV , I had finished my work.

Make similar sentences using by the time and as

soon as

Police arrive-thief escape

By the time the police arrived, the thief had escaped

As soon as the thief had escaped , the police arrived

THE STRUCTURE OF THE PAST PERFECT
TENSE IS:
auxiliary
subject main verb
verb
+ I had finished my work.
before
+ You had stopped
me.
- She had not gone to school.

- We had not left.

? Had you arrived?

? Had they eaten dinner?