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CLAUSES AND

SENTENCES
SEQUENCE:

WORD
SENTENCE
PARAGRAPH
CLAUSE
• group of words with subject and verbs
• opposite of a phrase

Identify whether the following is a clause or a


phrase:
e.g. in the afternoon
drinking from a bowl
while sleeping
Wherever I go
I saw you
Main Types of Clauses
• Independent Clause- it can stand alone
- expresses a complete
- thought
e.g. The sun rises in the east.
Warm brownies taste delicious!
I usually drink coffee in the morning.
Main Types of Clauses
• Dependent clause- also known as the
subordinate clause. It can’t stand alone.
e.g. since I drink coffee
because I love stories
while the sun rises
Types of Subordinate Clause
• Adjective clause- a clause that functions as an
adjective. It is often introduced by relative
pronouns (who, whose, whom, that, which)
and by relative adverbs (where, when, why).
e.g. The tiger that was angry was snarling.
The mansion where he lives is hunted.
Types of Subordinate Clause
• Adverbial clause- functions as an adverb. It is
usually introduced by a subordinate
conjunction.
Types of Subordinate Clause
e.g. of adverbial clause:
I will eat my broccoli after I eat this cookie.
If I were here, I may be able to defend you.
Even though I am an orphan, I know how
to respect the people around me.
Types of Subordinate Clause
• Noun clause- it functions as a noun.
e.g. Whatever you want is fine with me.
I didn’t know where I should go for help.
We talked about how we should solve the
problem.
Who we should invite to the wedding is a
problem.
Sentences
• expresses a complete thought
• has a subject and a predicate
• may contain one or more independent clause
and one or more dependent clause
Kinds of Sentences
According to Function
• Declarative Sentence- makes a statement and
ends with a period.
• Imperative Sentence- gives a command. It usually
ends with a period but sometimes ends with
exclamation mark.
• Interrogative Sentence- asks a question. It
usually ends with a question mark.
• Exclamatory Sentence- expresses a strong
emotion and usually ends with an exclamation
mark.
Kinds of Sentences
According to Structure
• Simple Sentence- only contains an independent clause. It
has only one main idea.
e.g. I am here.
A number of guests attended the party last
night.
• Compound Sentence- contains two independent clauses. It
has two main ideas. It is usually joined by a semicolon,
comma, and a coordinating conjunction (for , so, yet, but,
nor, or, and)
e.g. Bike, rubber shoes and water are my essential tools
for biking.
Hiking in the bay walk; eating near the sea side and
travelling with a loved one are part of my bucket list.
Kinds of Sentences According to
Structure
• Complex Sentence- has one independent
clause and at least one dependent clause.
e.g. He was eating the pancakes while he was
reading the news paper.
The man whom the credit was due has
died while waiting for his award.
Kinds of Sentences According to
Structure
• Compound-Complex Sentence- made up of
compound sentence and complex sentence. It
is consisted of two independent clauses and
one dependent clauses.
e.g. We had a party because we had lots of
cookies, and our guests ate the yummy
treats.

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