Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
by
Emma Nurdiamah
Department of Pharmacology
and Therapy
History
Prescriptions have been
in use since ancient times
Latin adopted as
standard language
“Rx” = prescription
“Sig.” = directions
Definition and Format
A prescription is a
written, verbal, or
electronic order from
a practitioner or
designated agent to a
pharmacist for a
particular medication
for a specific patient.
Legal Classification of medication
4
DRUG LIST CLASSIFICATION
O Narcotic drug. Available to the public on prescription
only and drug in this list are under strict supervision by the
Ministry of health.
- Prescription blank
- Color : white
- Measurement / size :
- Width : 10 – 12 cm
-
- Long : 15 – 18 cm
Width : 10-12 cm
Long : 15 – 18 cm
Name :
Address :
License of practice :
Bandung, ………….
R/
Pro :
Age :
Address :
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Writing Prescriptions
Who can write a Rx?
Practitioners
Physicians,
veterinarians, dentists,
podiatrists
The component parts of a prescription :
( Contents of the prescription )
1. Patient information
2. Date
3. Superscription = R/ symbol
4. Inscription = Medication prescribed
5. Subscription = Direction to pharmacist
6. Signa = Direction for patient
7. Refill information
8. Prescriber’s signature, address and other
information
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1. Patient information
The full name
Address
Age and/or weight
2. Date
Is Important :
for medication record of the patient
To a pharmacist in filling
prescription of controlled
substances
(Drug abuse control amandement
specify that no prescription order for
controlled substances may be
dispensed or renewed more than 6
months after the date prescribed)
Date
Date the prescription is issued or written
Allows the determination of the life of the
prescription to validate refills
Ensures continual patient supervision
Promotes patient follow - up
3. Superscription (R/ symbol )
Contraction of the Latin verb recipe
Meaning “take thou” or “you take “
4. Inscription (Medication Prescribed)
14
Selecting the drug
Determine preference for brand or generic product
Brand name vs. generic name
Bioequivalent – same amount of active ingredient is delivered
to body and will produce identical effect in terms of duration
and intensity
Is Brand always better? NO
Medication allergies
Availability
Cost : cover by assurance
Full payment
Name of the drug
USE WITH CAUTION:
Look Alike/Sound Alike drug names
Massive number of new drug releases
Massive number of reformulations
Consist of:
- Direction to the pharmacist for preparing the
prescription (to designate the dosage form as
tablet, capsule , Syrup, ointment , cream, supositories
etc)
- The number of dosage units to be supplied
utilize Roman numerals, or Arabic numerals
Example :
-Take 1 tablet each morning
- S.t.d.d. cap 1 ( Take three time a day cap 1 )
- S.t.d.d Cth. I ( take three time a day cochlear tea I )
23
THE SIGNATURE consisting of direction to the patien, which are
to be written on the label.
24
REFILL INFORMATION
25
Refills
To avoid interrupting maintenance therapy,
practitioners can authorize refills on a written
prescription
Non-controlled substances - No limit to
number of refills allowed. Use Discretion.
Refills authorized are valid only for life of the
prescription – 1 year
PRN – Refill as needed for 1 year
Controlled Substances
Controlled drugs are divided into Schedules according to abuse
potential
Schedule I (C-I) – Highest abuse risk. No safe medical use in
U.S. Examples: heroin, marijuana, LSD, PCP, and crack
cocaine.
Schedule II (C-II) – High abuse risk but have safe and accepted
medical use. Examples: morphine, oxycodone, methylphenidate,
dextroamphetamine.
Schedule III (C-III) – Abuse risk less than C-II and safe and
accepted medical use. Examples: Codeine (Tylenol #3),
/hydrocodone (Vicodin), propoxyphene (Darvon).
Schedule IV (C-IV) – Abuse risk less than C-III and safe and
accepted medical use. Examples: diazepam (Valium),
alprazolam (Xanax), phenobarbital, chloral hydrate.
Schedule V (C-V) – Abuse risk less than C-IV and safe and
accepted medical use. Mainly consist of preparations containing
limited quantities of certain stimulant and narcotic drugs for
antitussive and antidiarrheal purposes.
PHYSICIAN’S PRESCRIPTION
In Indonesia
Name :
Specialist : Prescriber information
Address :
License of Practice
Bandung, …December 2011 Date
R/ Superscription
Ampicillin.500mg caps No.XXIV
Inscription
Subscription
Name :
Age : Patient information
Address :
28
A. PHYSICIAN’S PRESCRIPTION
In Indonesia
Name :
Specialist : Prescriber information
Address :
License of Practice
Bandung,………2009 Date
R/ Superscription
Diclofenac Sodium 1% emulgel tube 20 g No.I
Inscription
Subscription
S .b..d.d. applic
Name : Signatura
Age : Patient information
Address :
29
A. PHYSICIAN’ PRESCRIPTION
In some western country
December 27, 2011 Date
Dee fleming,
817 Woodhaven Dr.
Dallas. Tx 75248 Patient information
R/ Superscription
Ampicillin Oral Susp.250 mg/5ml Inscription
Dispense 200 ml Subscription
Take 5 ml orally at 8 a.m,12 Signature
noon,4p.m. 8 p.m. daily
Do Not Refill Refill information
Jane P Rall.M.D
DEA No.AB 1234321
1407 Colgate Prescriber information
Dallas,TX 74852 30
CLASSES OF PRESCRIPTION ORDERS
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1. PRECOMPOUNDED
Necessary to know :
• name of preparation ;
• dosage form exp : tablet, capsule, syrup, ointment
• single dose
• frequency of administration
• duration of therapy
Example :
R/ Amoxyl 500 mg Caps. No.XXI
S.t.d.d Caps.1
R/ Panadol 500 mg Tab. No.IX
S.3.d.d Tab.1
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2. COMPOUNDED
Example :
R/ Acetaminophen 250 mg
Chlorpheniramin maleate 2 mg
Dextrametorphan HBr 10 mg
Sucrose q.s.
M.f.pulv dtd No.IX
S.3.d.d pulv.1
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Sample Prescription- “Brand Necessary”