One point perspective drawing

Vanishing Point method for

One point or Parallel Perspective

 One point perspective system

assumes that 2 of 3 the principal
axis- one vertical and other
horizontal are parallel to PP.
All lines parallel to these are also
parallel to PP. Therefore retain
their true orientation and do not
converge. This method is also called
as parallel perspective

 The third principal axis

perpendicular to PP and parallel with
the Axis of vision converge on the
horizon line HL at centre of Vision
CV. This is the vanishing point.
One point perspective

• This method is convenient

for showing interiors, street
views and some times front
elevations or sectional
perspective of buildings.

• Easier and quicker than two

point perspectives.
 Vanishing Point method for
One point or Parallel Perspective
 One-point Perspective

• One face of object is parallel to picture plane,

one VP
 One point perspective drawing
The following steps if followed in the sequence as shown here, it will be
found that perspective drawings can be prepared quickly and accurately.
Step 1 Obtain or prepare the information regarding object i.e plans elevations
and if necessary , sections .

Elevation Side Elevation

Plan
Step 2 Locate Station point (S.P.) and the Axis of vision at 90 ° to a
side of the object.

Axis of vision

Plan

Station point
Step 3 Check the S.P. with the cone of vision.

Plan

Cone of vision

SP
Step 4 Locate the picture plane at 90° to the centre line of vision

Picture Plane

Plan

Axis of vision

SP
Step 5 Locate the Vanishing point (V.P) for the sides of the object
parallel to the axis of vision
Vanishing Point
PP

Plan

Axis of vision

SP
Step 6 Locate the Horizon line (HL) and project the VP from PP to
Horizon plane.

VP
Horizon line

VP
PP

Plan
Axis of vision

SP
Step 7 Locate the Ground line (GL) at the required distance below the
horizon line
HL VP

Ground line (GL)

PP VP

Plan

Axis of vision

SP
Step 8 Locate the True elevation of object on the ground line

HL VP

GL
Elevation

PP VP

Plan

Axis of vision

SP
Step 9 From the VP draw perspective lines through the points of
elevation.
HL VP

perspective lines
GL
Elevation

PP VP

Plan

Axis of vision

SP
Step 10 .1. From the SP draw visual rays through the points of
front face of the object to meet the PP
VP
HL
perspective lines

GL
Elevation
Perspective front view
VP
PP

2.From the points where the

Plan
visual rays meet PP,
vertical lines are projected
up to the perspective lines. Visual rays
Horizontal lines are drawn
from points of intersection
to get the front face of
object.
SP
Step 11 Visual rays used to locate the rear face of the object in the
perspective view.

HL VP

perspective lines
GL

Perspective view
PP
VP

Plan

Perspective view is complete Visual rays

SP
One Point Perspective view is complete

HL VP

GL

PP
VP
Perspective view

Plan

SP
One Point Perspective – Alternative method of setting up
PP
VP

Plan

SP
HL VP

Elevation
GL

Perspective view
 The effect of moving the picture plane:
Only the size of the drawing is changed
The location of the picture plane (PP) determines the size of the
object on the PP. Moving the PP alters perspective or scale but
not proportion
Four different locations for PP with fixed positions for the object and
the station point

HL VP HL VP HL VP HL VP

GL GL GL GL

Plan
PP Perspective views
PP

PP

PP

SP SP SP SP
 1-point perspective drawing of a cube with SP
towards right side of it.
A simple one-point perspective of a cube is to be constructed from a
plan view
Step 1 Establish an arbitrary horizon line (HL) depending on the eye level
you wish to portray
Step 2 Locate the picture plane (PP) so that it does not interfere with the
drawing. (The PP may be same as HL)
Step 3 Draw the plan view above or below the PP (easier to draw it resting
on top of PP)
 1-point perspective drawing
Step 4 Draw the ground line (GL) in an arbitrary location
below and parallel to the PP
 1-point perspective drawing
Step 5 Locate the station point (SP) not less than twice the width of the
object to one side of the plan view.
(SP may also be placed 2 or 3 times the object’s greatest length from
the nearest point of the plan view but if placed any closer, distortion of
the perspective will result.)
 1-point perspective drawing
Step 6 Project the width of the plan view to the GL.

Step 7 Draw the elevation of the object on GL. If the plan view of the
object is touching the PP, the elevation is true in size. If the plan view is
behind or in front of PP, the elevation is smaller or larger, respectively

Step 8 Project a vertical line from the SP to the HL to locate the VP

 1-point perspective drawing
Step 9 From the corners of the front view (D, E, G and F), draw visual
rays to VP
 1-point perspective drawing
Step 10 The line from point A of the plan view to SP intersects the PP at
point H. Draw a perpendicular line from H to intersect the visual rays
(points J and K).
 1-point perspective of circle (1)

o Curves and circles in perspective appear in

true shape and size when the surface
containing the curve or circle is parallel to PP.

o Otherwise curves and circles appear as

ellipses. Ellipses have no direct transferable
measurement; therefore you must place the circle
within a square.

o By inscribing the circle within a square, the

vanishing points and proportions of the curves are
easily determined.
 1-point perspective of circle (2)
1. Draw a circle with the
dimensions desired.
2. Draw a square
circumscribing the
circle. Construct
centre lines and
diagonals inside the
square. The
intersections of the
circle, the centre
lines, and the
diagonals give eight
checkpoints for
drawing the circle in
perspective .
 1-point perspective of circle (3)

3. Draw the square in

one-point perspective
including the centre
lines and diagonals.

4. Draw in the circle

through the eight
checkpoints using
French curves.
1-pt. Perspective of a room
1-pt. Perspective of a room
(Recap) 1-pt. Perspective

The measurement of
height has to be taken
from the front view or the
end view as the plan view
only gives information
about length and width.
1-pt. Perspective
PROBLEMS
SHEET 1 CUBE 40X40X40 MM SP : 80 MM Away from object
HL: 20 MM

PP PP PP

Plan SP ALIGNED SP 20 MM
SP IN THE WITH RT AWAY FROM
MIDDLE SIDE RT SIDE

SP SP SP

HL HL HL
GL GL GL
Elevation Elevation Elevation
SHEET 2 CUBE 40X40X40 MM SP -80 MM Away from object
HL 60 MM

PP PP PP

Plan SP ALIGNED SP 20 MM
SP IN THE WITH RT AWAY FROM
MIDDLE SIDE RT SIDE

SP SP SP

HL HL HL

GL GL GL
Elevation Elevation Elevation
SHEET 3 CUBE 40X40X40 MM SP -80 MM Away from object
HL 0 MM

PP PP PP

Plan
SP ALIGNED SP 20 MM
SP IN THE WITH RT AWAY FROM
MIDDLE SIDE RT SIDE
SP SP SP

HL HL HL
GL GL GL
Elevation Elevation Elevation
SHEET 4

REFER BOOK: ENGINEERING DRAWING

- KR GOPALAKRISHNAN

PROBLEM 1.: PROBLEM 2 PG NO 549 -550

PENTAGONAL PRISM
PROBLEM 2 : PROBLEM 3 PG NO 550-551
RECTANGULAR PYRAMID
PROBLEM 3 : PROBLEM 4 PG NO 551-552STEPS
SHEET 5

REFER BOOK: ENGINEERING DRAWING

- KR GOPALAKRISHNAN

PROBLEM 1.: PROBLEM 5 PG NO 552 FIG 19.10B

PROBLEM 2 : PROBLEM 6 PG NO 553-554

HOLLOW CYLINDER FIG 19.11
SHEET 6 1-pt. Perspective of room
 To be continued……
Two point perspective