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  • Organic Rice

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    senthilnathan
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    Rice is our staple diet and in the south and east of India people eat rice thrice a day in various forms. Since the last two - three decades we have been mainly eating polished white rice from few high yielding varieties of paddy. This is reported to cause numerous health issues. Pesticide use in paddy is also quite high and around 17% of the pesticides used in the country goes into paddy. Residues of these pesticides found in our staple grain is a serious cause for concern. Since most of the paddy is cultivated in wetlands and irrigated areas, this practice also leads to contamination of our water resources and soil. Organic rice cultivation uses organic inputs such as farm yard manure, vermin - compost, Beejamrut, dharava jeeva amuruth, agniyastharam etc. These natural inputs will maintain a balance in the soil eco - system by maintaining a constant level of microorganism’s loads in the soil. As the organic rice cultivation uses none of the chemical pesticides, we can also prevent the degradation of flora and fauna living above the soil. Beside it we can also maintain a good agro eco - system and biodiversity. The organic rice has less calorific value and high fiber value when compared to conventional rice so people who are suffering from diabetes can consume organic rice without any hesitation. The inputs used in the organic rice are easily prepare from the available farm resources so farmers can easily adopt the cultivation of organic rice. Even the yield of organic rice may be low when compare to conventional rice cultivation and the nutritive value of the organic rice is high. As the demand is increasing day by day for organic rice hence the farmers can go for cultivation organic rice insisted of conventional cultivation in order to get sustainable yield and to prevent from health hazards, protect biodiversity and maintain balanced eco system.

    Titolo originale

    ORGANIC RICE

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    Rice is our staple diet and in the south and east of India people eat rice thrice a day in various forms. Since the last two - three decades we have been mainly eating polished white rice from few high yielding varieties of paddy. This is reported to cause numerous health issues. Pesticide use in paddy is also quite high and around 17% of the pesticides used in the country goes into paddy. Residues of these pesticides found in our staple grain is a serious cause for concern. Since most of the paddy is cultivated in wetlands and irrigated areas, this practice also leads to contamination of our water resources and soil. Organic rice cultivation uses organic inputs such as farm yard manure, vermin - compost, Beejamrut, dharava jeeva amuruth, agniyastharam etc. These natural inputs will maintain a balance in the soil eco - system by maintaining a constant level of microorganism’s loads in the soil. As the organic rice cultivation uses none of the chemical pesticides, we can also prevent the degradation of flora and fauna living above the soil. Beside it we can also maintain a good agro eco - system and biodiversity. The organic rice has less calorific value and high fiber value when compared to conventional rice so people who are suffering from diabetes can consume organic rice without any hesitation. The inputs used in the organic rice are easily prepare from the available farm resources so farmers can easily adopt the cultivation of organic rice. Even the yield of organic rice may be low when compare to conventional rice cultivation and the nutritive value of the organic rice is high. As the demand is increasing day by day for organic rice hence the farmers can go for cultivation organic rice insisted of conventional cultivation in order to get sustainable yield and to prevent from health hazards, protect biodiversity and maintain balanced eco system.

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    101 visualizzazioni26 pagine

    Organic Rice

    Caricato da

    senthilnathan
    Rice is our staple diet and in the south and east of India people eat rice thrice a day in various forms. Since the last two - three decades we have been mainly eating polished white rice from few high yielding varieties of paddy. This is reported to cause numerous health issues. Pesticide use in paddy is also quite high and around 17% of the pesticides used in the country goes into paddy. Residues of these pesticides found in our staple grain is a serious cause for concern. Since most of the paddy is cultivated in wetlands and irrigated areas, this practice also leads to contamination of our water resources and soil. Organic rice cultivation uses organic inputs such as farm yard manure, vermin - compost, Beejamrut, dharava jeeva amuruth, agniyastharam etc. These natural inputs will maintain a balance in the soil eco - system by maintaining a constant level of microorganism’s loads in the soil. As the organic rice cultivation uses none of the chemical pesticides, we can also prevent the degradation of flora and fauna living above the soil. Beside it we can also maintain a good agro eco - system and biodiversity. The organic rice has less calorific value and high fiber value when compared to conventional rice so people who are suffering from diabetes can consume organic rice without any hesitation. The inputs used in the organic rice are easily prepare from the available farm resources so farmers can easily adopt the cultivation of organic rice. Even the yield of organic rice may be low when compare to conventional rice cultivation and the nutritive value of the organic rice is high. As the demand is increasing day by day for organic rice hence the farmers can go for cultivation organic rice insisted of conventional cultivation in order to get sustainable yield and to prevent from health hazards, protect biodiversity and maintain balanced eco system.

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    Organic Rice

    Presented by
    KOLA REDDY
    NAGESWARI
    2015018066
    III B. Sc., Agriculture
    Introduction

    • Rice (Oryza sativa) is staple food for more than


    half of the world population.

    • India is the world's second largest producer of


    Rice, Wheat and other cereals.

    • This cereal contributes a considerable amount of


    calories to the consumer.
    Cond...

    • Conventional rice production we uses over 40


    different agro chemicals to control weeds,
    diseases and insects - pesticides which puts
    consumer health at risk.
    • Organic rice production systems have a lot of
    advantages over conventional rice cultivation
    practices.
    Extent of organic rice in India

    • India is a major exporter of organic rice in the


    International market.
    • During 2008-09, around 5630 MT of organic
    basmati rice was exported from India through
    APEDA.
    • Since, the demand is increasing nature for organic
    rice year by year.
    What is Organic rice?
    • Organic rice is cultivated by using natural and not
    chemical fertilizers, which are harmful to health and
    environment as well.

    Biological
    Agro-ecosystem cycle and soil
    health & biological
    biodiversity activity
    Needs of organic cultivation

    Soil Sound
    fertility ecosystem

    Low sugar Free from


    content chemical

    Fiber Fat
    value free
    Nutritional properties Organic Rice and conventional Rice (USDA)

    Organic rice Conventional rice


    Calorie 218 250
    Carbohydrate 46 grams 53 grams
    Dietary fibre 4 grams 1 gram
    Glycemic index 59 89

    • Organic rice are rich in minerals and vitamins


    • Lesser G.I food does not cause in rapid sugar spike but
    feel full for longer period of time
    Challenges for Organic Rice Cultivation
    • Rice is the major crop that receives maximum
    quantity of fertilizers (40%) and pesticides
    (17-18%) and
    • These practices pose major challenges in organic
    rice farming for nutrient and pest management.

    • Yield reduces in the conversion (initial) period.


    Package of practices for
    Organic Rice
    Step for organic rice production

    Zero budget natural farming

    Waking up of farmer’s
    friend (soil fertility)

    Jeeva amruth
    Nursery Management
    i) Nutrient Management
    • During seed bed preparation, organic manures
    such as FYM, Compost, vermin - compost can be
    used @ 5t/ha of nursery area.
    • Gana jeeva amuruth :200kg/acre

    ii) Seed treatment


    a) Plant protection
    • Beejamrut: 3 liter/ac of Seeds
    • Prevents seed borne disease
    b) Bio fertilizer
    • Azospirillum and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria
    10 gram each/kg of Seeds.

    Uses: Fix atmospheric nitrogen 30-35 kg N/ha/season,


    solubilizes phosphorus and silicon and induce
    drought tolerant.
    Special nursery management Practices

    i) Dhrava jeeva amrut (7 DAS)


    1 ac : 200 litres
    ii) Bitter butter milk (9 DAS)
    1 ac 100 liter water + 3 liter bitter butter milk
    Benefit:
    • Strengthen the seed and
    • Increase the milking stage and reduces the
    pest incidence (Main filed)
    Organic manure application
    • During land preparation 10 t of FYM/ha + 5 tons paddy
    straw and 10 tones of in-situ grown dhaincha/sunhemp
    green manure/ha needs to be incorporated.

    • In the last puddle, vermi-compost @ 2 t/ha may be applied


    (optional).

    • Through these organics, approximately 150 kg N, 40 -50 kg


    P2O5, 100 - 120 kg K2O and micronutrients can be supplied.
    Bio - fertilizers
    • Bio-fertilizers such as Azospirillum or PSB/PSM @
    2 - 3 kg /ha mixed with 25 kg FYM or VC and applied
    to the soil just before planting.

    • Blue green algae @ 10 kg/ha, 10 days after planting.

    • Apply azolla @ 1 t/ha, 7-10 days after transplanting


    and incorporated after 3 weeks.
    SPECIAL TECHNIQUES FOLLOWED
    IN MAINFIELD:
    Apply Gana jeevamruth: 200 kg / ac
    • Dry rice straw:10 kg
    I. N: growing legumes plants as cover
    crop
    II. P: Fish bone meal
    III. K: rice straw and manures
    IV. Apply Navadhanayaa mixed powder at
    first showering time: indirect source
    for N, P, K and about 16 essential
    nutrients.
    Special Care after Transplanting
    After transplanting once per 15 days spray with
    a) Fish meal amino acid (Fish meal is a good
    source phosphorus 12%) and
    b) Dharava jeeva amrut - 200 liter/ac Spray 4
    times in crop period.
    c) Panchakavya: apply 10th, 15th, 30th & 50th day
    d) Spray 6 lit of bitter butter milk/ac in 200 liter
    of water: At milking stage:
    Weed suppression

    • Weed control and soil fertility are the principal


    challenges associated with organic rice production.
    • Primary weed - control practices include crop
    rotations, land leveling, seedbed preparation.
    • Water management.
    • Rotary hoeing.
    Pest and Disease management
    Pest and disease management
    • Agniyasthiram - removes 75% of insect and pest.

    20 lit 3kg 3kg


    Custard
    apple leaves

    Tobacco
    leaves
    0.5kg 0.5kg
    Cont…

    • Agni yasthiram - 200ml /10 l of water in addition to


    this neemayasthiram is used
    • Fall armyworm and chinch bug - flush of water.
    • Stinkbugs and water weevils - Timely planting,
    variety selection and cultural practices.
    Research Evidence
    Effect of organic and inorganic nutrition of rice
    on grain yield (2009-11)

    Dr Y. V. Singh
    Conclusion

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