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COLONIZATION &
CHRISTIANIZATION
A. SEARCHING FOR NEW LANDS
B. MAGELLAN’S VOYAGE
C. AGE OF EXPLORATION
D. CONQUEST AND HISPANIZATION OF THE
NATIVES
E. SPAIN’S INFLUENCE IN THE PHILIPPINES
Psychological barriers
• 1. the world is flat
• 2. the presence of sea
monsters
• 3. presence of boiling
waters.
During the 1400s and 1500s
-European explorers were inspired
by greed, curiosity, and the desire
for glory, and aided by new
technologies—sailed to many
previously unknown lands.
Marco Polo (1254-1324)
• Marco Polo was an Italian merchant,
trader and explorer.
• At a young age, Marco accompanied his
father on his voyages. They traveled far
and wide and even reached as Far East as
China, meeting Kublai Khan.
• After 24 years and travelling over 15,000
miles,Marco returned home and write his
book “The Travels of Marco Polo”
New Maritime Technologies
a. Improvements in Shipbuilding
• Europeans learned to build ships that were faster,
more maneuverable, and rode lower in the water.
Ex: Caravel
b.Mapmaking
• By 1500, cartography–the art and science of
mapmaking–had developed to where Europeans had
fairly accurate maps ofwhere they wanted to explore.
Ptolemy- his maps showed that the world was round
c.Improvement on navigational instrument
• The compass showed the ship’s direction, and the
astrolabe used to calculate latitude, information
needed for such long voyages
Hartman Astrolabe
(1532) Mariner’s Compass
Better Maps
[Cartography] Sextant
The Caravel
This type of ship made long distance sea voyages
possible. It could sail with and against the wind, had
a deeper draft to take on large ocean waves and was
more maneuverable than ships in the past.
Trade Discovery Colonization
• Europeans sent • Explorers found • Europe
explorers to new lands. established
find trade colonies in new
routes to the lands.
East
Colonization
• comes from Latin word colere. It is the act of
colonizing; the establishment of colonies .
Companies needed
new markets
Main countries
involved in
exploration:
Portugal
Spain
England
France
PORTUGAL
1st Europeans to explore the
unknown New World
1st to sail around the tip of Africa
to Asia
Mainly explored what is now Brazil
in the New World--this is why
Brazilian culture today is heavily
influenced by Portugal
People to know 1 - Prince Henry the
Navigator
• Started a navigation
school in Sagres,Portugal
• Paid for exhibitions (trips)
to Africa
• Developed trade routes to
Africa
• Employed mapmakers to
make detailed maps.
People to Know 2 – GIL EANES
• -had
sailed 6,000 miles
south of Portugal ( Azores)
People to Know 4 - Bartholomew Dias
-was a Portuguese explorer
who sailed in 1487 and was
the first to sail around the
Cape of Good Hope in South
Africa.
People to Know 5 - Vasco da Gama
-was a Portuguese explorer who
sailed around the Cape of Good Hope
and made it to the coast of Calicut,
India on May 20, 1498. Da Gama
established the first water trade
route with Europe and Asia.
Calicut,India- became main source of
goods.
SPAIN
Very curious about the New World
Wanted to have a larger empire
Searched for spices, gold, and
silver
Used missionaries to spread
Christianity
Its success in conquering the open
ocean can be attributed to 2
People to Know 6 - Christopher
Columbus (Christavao Colom)
-was an Italian by birth.
-belief: the shortest way to the East was by travelling
West.
.
Christopher
Columbus
•He sailed for King Ferdinand
and Queen Isabella of Spain.
• Note: He was NOT the first
European to reach the
Americas. He’s important
because, after his trip, more
Europeans traveled to the
New World.