KLASIFIKASI DENTAL MATERIAL

Drg.Dedi Sumantri, M.D.Sc

 Dental Materials
metal polymer
BIOMATERIALS composite
ceramic
ceramic

physical and properties chemical

mechanical
biological

biocompatibility
 DENTAL CERAMICs
- Traditionally, only metallic materials used for
inlays, onlays, crowns, or bridges.

- Esthetic concerns have facilitated the use of

ceramics.
- Considerations for material selection:
a. type and size
b. location
c. patient characteristics
d. patient desires
e. clinicians opinion
 - General Advantages:
a. biocompatibility
b. chemically inert
c. wear resistant
d. Esthetic

- General Disadvantages:
a. low toughness
b. poor durability
c. technique sensitive (not user friendly)
d. dimensional accuracy
e. costs
f. can be etched by fluoride treatments
g. clinical history
 Dental applications of highstrength
ceramics:
- Inlays, onlays, veneers
- Anterior all-ceramic crowns, bridges,
- Posterior all-ceramic crowns
 CURRENT DENTAL CERAMICS

A.Feldspathic porcelain
(low leucite content):
1. condensed and sintered.
2. veneers; anterior crowns; low-stress
inlays and onlays; crowns (PFMs); metal
ceramic fixed partial dentures (FPDs)
 B. Leucite-reinforced porcelain
1. powder processed and sintered; pressure
molded.
2. anterior crowns; low-stress posterior crowns

C. Alumina-reinforced porcelain
1. powder processed and sintered
2. anterior crowns; low-stress posterior crowns
 D. High density alumina (Al2O3) core
1. powder processed, machined in green body
state, and sintered.
2. anterior & posterior crowns; anterior FPDs; low-
stress posterior FPDs.

E. High density zirconia (ZrO2) core

1. powder processed, machined in green body
state, and sintered.
2. posterior crowns; anterior and posterior FPDs.
 F. Glass-infiltrated core
1. slip-cast, sintered, and infiltrated with glass
2. anterior & posterior crowns; anterior FPDs;
posterior FPDs (In-Ceram Zirconia only)

G. Glass-ceramic core ceramic

1. cast and cerammed; pressure molded
2. anterior & posterior crowns; anterior FPDs
(Empress 2)
 DENTAL COMPOSITES
Composite are artificially produced multiphase
materials having a desirable combination of the
best properties of the constituent phases
A solid formed from two or more distinc phases
that have been combined to produce properties
superior to or intermediate to those of the
individual constituents
A composite is designed to display a
combination of the best characteristics of each
of the component materials.
 Classification for the various composite

Composites

Particle-reinforced Fiber-reinforced Structural

Large Dispersion Continuous Discontinuous Laminates Sandwich

particle strengthened (aligned) (short) planes

Aligned Randomly
oriented
 Dental Composites
Metal alloys Composite
- Porcelain fused to metal (PFM), etc
- Amalgam
Ceramics Composite
(Dental cement )
Polymer Composite
- Composite resin
- Hybrid Composite
- Fibers Reinforced Composite
 DENTAL POLYMER
SOURCE :
Naturally occurring polymers
- Protein
- Polysaccharides

Synthetic polymers
- non biodegradable
- biodegradable
 Naturally Occurring Polymers

Polymer Source
A. Protein Collagen Animals
Silk
Keratin
Fibrinogen
Elastin
B. Polysaccharides Cellulose Plants
Starch Plants
Chitin Animal
Alginic Seaweeds (brown)
Agar Seaweeds (red)
Synthetic Non-Biodegradable Polymers
 Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers

Aliphatic Polyester
Poly (glycolide)
Poly (lactide)
Poly (lactide-co-glicilide)
Poly -caprolactone
Poly (propylene fumarate)
Polyamino Acid
 LOGAM DENTAL (METAL)

LOGAM MURNI
PEMADATAN PD SATU TEMPERATUR
LOGAM CAMPUR
PEMADATAN PD KISARAN TEMPERATUR
(TDP 2 FASE : PADAT & CAIR)

2 SISTEM U/ MENDEFINISIKAN KOMPOSISI:

PERSENTASE BERAT (% wt)
PERSENTASE ATOM (% at)
 KLASIFIKASI LOGAM
1. MENURUT PENGGUNAANYA :
- INLAY FULL CROWN, CROWN & BRIDGE,
RESTORASI LOGAM -KERAMIK (PFM),
GTSL & IMPLAN.
2. MENURUT UNSUR UTAMANYA :
- EMAS, PALADIUM, PERAK, NIKEL,
KOBALT, at TITANIUM.
3. MENURUT KANDUNGAN LOGAM
MULIANYA :
SANGAT MULIA, MULIA, & DOMINAN
LOGAM DASAR
 KLASIFIKASI LOGAM
4. MENURUT TIGA UNSUR UTAMA :
- (EMAS-PALADIUM-PERAK),(PALADIUM-
PERAK-TIMAH), (NIKEL-CHROMIUM-
BERILIUM ), (KOBALT-CHROMIUM-
MOLIBDENUM), (TITANIUM-ALUMINIUM-
VANADIUM) at ( BESI-NIKEL-CHROMIUM)
5. MENURUT SISTEM FASE YG DOMINAN :
- FASE TUNGGAL
- EUTETIK
- PERITETIK
- ANTAR LOGAM