The American with

Disabilities Act (ADA)

& Technology

By Antonio Trujillo
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What is the ADA?

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal
law passed in 1990 that prohibits discrimination and
ensures equal opportunity to people with disabilities
It protects people with disabilities in:
Employment
State and local government services
Public accommodations
Commercial facilities
Transportation
It is a civil rights law and protects under all areas of
public life.
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How is it structured?
The ADA is divided into five Titles:
Title I, Employment
Title II, State and Local Government
Title III, Public Accommodations
Title IV, Telecommunications
Title V, Miscellaneous

In this presentation we will be focusing on Title II, State

and Local Government
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American With
Disabilities Act,
Title
State and Local II
Governments
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State and Local Government

Need to operate so that they are:
Readily Accessible for people with disabilities
Provide integrated services
Provide accommodation

Make reasonable modifications to:

Polices
Procedures
practices
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Public services include state or State and court legislature
local: such as:
Government town hall meetings
Departments fire department
Agencies motor vehicle
Employment employment
Services are also covered.
Programs
Colleges Title II prohibits discrimination
Universities on the basis of disability.
libraries

Individuals with disabilities can not be excluded due to

The buildings not being accessible (Lack of elevators, ramps)
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Educational Facilities
Under Title II of the ADA, schools, colleges, universities are
obligated to accommodate:
Their students
Their visitors
Parents/Guardians

Some accommodations include:

Parking
ASL interpreter
Extra test taking time
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Examples of
Disabilities
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What Qualifies as a
Disability?
According to www.ada.gov, an
individual with a disability is someone
who:
Has a physical or mental
impairment that substantially limits
a major life activity
Has a record of such an
impairment, or
Is regarded as having such an
impairment.
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Deaf and Hard Blindness and
of Hearing Loss of Vision
Someone with this disability Someone with one of these
may need: types of disabilities may
Sign language need:
Examples of
Translation Accommodation in
Disabilities Interpretation form of allowing entry
include: Hearing aids to a guide dog
Better seating Preference seating for
Improved projected visual aid
sound.
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Mobility Spina Bifida
Impairments People with spina bifida
experience:
Any individual with a mobility Paralysis
impairment may be Weakness in the legs,
Other incapable of mobility due to: Bowel and bladder
Examples of Missing leg or legs incontinence
Disabilities Paralysis from the waist Deformities of the spine
include: down Learning difficulties.
Cerebral palsy
Spinal damage Possible accommodation:
May need accommodation in Specialized seating
forms of Wheelchair access
Wheelchair access Elevator access
Ramp access Ramps
Elevator access
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Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that often causes
unpredicted seizures.
According to Epilepsy.com, 1 in 26 people in the U.S
Other develop Epilepsy.
examples
include: Epilepsy:
Causes unpredicted seizures
Caused by a specific stimuli, like flashing lights or
by noises
The seizures can cause a variety of health
problems

Programs need to make all buildings accessible for

people who might have epilepsy.
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*When making content accessible for everyone, avoid

Blinking lights
Flashing lights
For those who are sensitive to them or conditions such as Epilepsy.
Flashing lights are known to trigger
Seizures in people with Epilepsy.
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Assistive
Technology
& Students
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Assistive Technology for

Learning
Assistive technology is used to:
help maintain or improve the learning function of a person with
disabilities.
In the classroom assistive technology can be used in a variety of ways
Including:
Communication (i.e Text-to-speech,
Speech recognition,Word predictors)
Visual Tools (i.e Text magnifiers, Alt-text, High-contrast colors)
Hearing Tools (i.e Hearing Aids, Volume modification, Captions)
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According to the Center for Assistive Technology Act Data Assistance,

These are the areas of Impact for State Improvement in relation to Assistive
technology in 28 states. (2011)
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Youtubes Caption-
generating feature
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Captions
For example, Youtubes caption feature allows people who are deaf or hard
of hearing to visualize the audio content of videos through a caption-
generating feature or manually uploaded captions.
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Alt-text
20 Alt-Text
The purpose of Alt-text is to: describe the image on screen
to those who have a visual disability.
Alt-Text is useful to students who:
Use text-to-speech
Are visually impaired
The descriptions are manually entered and later the software
recognizes the descriptions as alt-text and is able to provide the user
with the information
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Alt-Tags
Alt-tags can be used in:
Web pages
Microsoft office documents
Google Docs
PDFs
They allow screen readers to:
Describe the image to the user
Documents to be accessible to
individuals with visual disabilities
such as vision loss.
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Text&Write
Google Chrome Extension
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Text&Write
Is an extension for the google chrome browser that
works as an assistive technology for those for who
working with documents is a challenge.
English language learners
Struggling readers and writers
Learning disabilities (I.e Dyslexia)
It is compatible with
PCs
Chromebooks
Macs
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Text&Write
Text&Write installs as a toolbar that allows students to
better work with:
Web pages
Google docs
PDFs
EPUBs
Some tools include:
Text-to-Speech
Speech-to-Text
Highlighting
Translation
Word Predictions
Dictionaries
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Ghotit Real
Writer & Reader
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Ghotit Real Writer & Reader

Ghotit real writer and reader is an assistive
technology for people with learning disabilities such
as:
Dyslexia
Dysgraphia
It helps correct writing errors
Some of its features include:
Grammar checker
Speller checker
Work predictor
Proofreading
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Ghotit Real Writer & Reader
For Windows or Mac OS on any application
Mobile Devices
Can be used as a Google chrome extension
It is simple to use for those with learning disabilities
Increases independence on writing assignments
Lessens the difficulty for learning to read
Helps with interpreting words through dictionaries
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Ghotit Real Writer & Reader

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Conclusion
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Conclusion
In conclusion, the American with Disabilities Act
Passed in 1990
Protects people with disabilities
Title II deals with State and Local Governments
Right to state or federal programs and services

Accommodations are required and all program and

services
Need to be accessible to all.
Some examples of accommodation include:
Ramps for accessibility for wheel chairs
Elevators for the mobility impaired
Access for guide dogs
Other accommodations
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Assistive Technology
Has been growing in the educational and
community field
Helps maintain or improve the learning function
of a person with disabilities
Helps students with learning disabilities or
challenges
Some examples include:
Text-to-speech
Speech recognition
Audiobooks
Proofreaders
Video captions
Descriptive text
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Works Cited
AT Act Data Brief | Catada. (2017). Catada.info. Retrieved 13 September 2017, from
http://www.catada.info/act-data-brief-no-4-2013
What is alt text (alternative text)? - Definition from WhatIs.com. (2017). WhatIs.com. Retrieved 13
September 2017, from http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/alt-text-alternative-text
State and Local Governments (Title II). (2017). Ada.gov. Retrieved 13 September 2017, from
https://www.ada.gov/ada_title_II.htm
Intro to the ADA: Title II. (2017). YouTube. Retrieved 13 September 2017, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ajZRwrStHzU
ADA: The 10 Most Common Disabilities and How to Accommodate | LegalBrief.com. (2017).
Legalbrief.com. Retrieved 14 September 2017, from http://legalbrief.com/kirshman.html
Title II Highlights. (2017). Ada.gov. Retrieved 14 September 2017, from
https://www.ada.gov/t2hlt95.htm
Using Assistive Technology to Support Learning. (2017). YouTube. Retrieved 14 September 2017,
from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0udSG_OyT0&t=106s
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Works Cited
Types of physical disabilities - House with No Steps . (2017). Hwns.com.au. Retrieved 14
September 2017, from http://www.hwns.com.au/Resource-centre/Types-of-
disabilities/Physical-disability/types-of-physical-disabilities
What is Epilepsy?. (2017). Epilepsy Foundation. Retrieved 14 September 2017, from
http://www.epilepsy.com/learn/about-epilepsy-basics/what-epilepsy