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or absent reflexes
Fasciculations
N.B.
Lesions of the basal ganglia and cerebellum are
also referred to as extrapyramidal but they are
different to the UMN lesions they dont
involve the descending motor tracts.
Sensory & combined lesions
Subacute combined degeneration of the cord
Tabes Dorsalis
Brown-Sequard syndrome
Syringomyelia
Spinal shock
Subacute combined degeneration of
the cord
Cause B12 deficiency (usually pernicious anaemia)
Signs & Legs, arms, trunk progressive from tingling and numbness to
symptoms weakness
Visual impairment
Change in mental state
BILATERAL spastic paresis/paralysis
Sensations diminished = pressure, vibration and touch
Treatment Reversible with B12 replacement if not been going on for too long
Tabes dorsalis
Cause Untreated syphilis
Treatment IV Penicillin
Analgesics
Contact tracing!
Syringomyelia
What is it? Enlarged cavity or cyst in the cervical/upper thoracic region of
the cord
Cause Congenital e.g. Arnold-Chiari malformation
Tumours
Trauma, haemorrhage
Meningitis
Also loss of movements on the same side (corticospinal tracts UMN signs
below lesion, LMN signs at level of lesion)
Spinal shock
Follows acute severe damage to the spinal
cord.