ted Solid Waste Management Plan – Barana

Agenda

a Background – Why Solid Waste Management ?

b Existing Situation – Problem Analysis ?

c Proposed Solutions

d Financial Impacts

e Way Forward

f Our Background
Section

a
Background
Why?
 we generate a lot of waste

1
 population is increasing

2 India ’ s Population 1027 Million ( As per

2001 Census ) 1150 million in 2009 -
approx
 rapid urbanization

3 Urban Population – 285 Million ,

Urban Areas ( Cities / Towns ) – 5000 +
 prosperity is spreading

4 India 146
year
Kg per person per
( About 200 - 600 grams per person per day )
 waste generation to
double by 2025

5
Organic Waste will go up from 40 percent to 60
percent
Plastic will rise from 4% to 6%
Metal will escalate from 1% to 4%
Glass will increase from 2% to 3%
Paper will climb from 5% to 15%
Others (ash, sand, grit) will decrease from 47%
to 12%

At Present – 50 to 60 Million Tonnes

2025 projections – 100 to 120 Million
Tonnes
 so
what
?
 recycling is not being promoted
an informal sector and is looked as a lowly job

6 Recycling % in India – 12 to 15 %
Recycling % in Developed Countries –
35 to 40 %
 collection is not efficient

7 Average collection – 60 %
Range Between 50 to 90 %
almost all the waste generated is
dumped

8 Processing / Composting – 5 to 10 %
dumping - 90 to 95 %
consequenc
es ?
 triple bottom line – environmental , social ,
& economical
•Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation
•Obstruction of storm water runoff resulting in flood
People ( Social ) •Low birth weight , Cancer, Congenital malformations
, neurological disease, etc.
Foul Smell, discomfort, etc

•Methane – Green House Gas

Planet •Climate Change
•Ozone Layer Depletion
( Environmental ) •Soil & Ground Water Contamination
•Need for virgin materials

Profit ••Increased Capital Expenditure

Increased Operating Cost

9
( economical )••Inefficient systems causing increased expenditure

Processing / Composting – 5 to 10 %
dumping - 90 to 95 %
remediatio
n ?
R E P
efus
e
euse
ecyc
le
educ
e
ffecien
cy
rocess
 MSW ( Management And Handling ) RULES , 2000

sibility of municipal
Responsibility
authorityof Responsibility
the State Government
of the CPCB and the S

esing
ntCommittee
ofand
thedisposal
concerned
shall monitor
ofState
municipal
the
or the
compliance
solid
Union
wastes
territory
of the standards
, as the case
regarding
may be,ground
shall water
have ,the
ambient
overall
airresponsibility
, leachate quality
for and
the the
enforcement
compost qual
of t
concerned
ewaste
Committee
processing
district
, shalland
examine
shall
disposal
have
the the
facility
proposal
overall
including
forresponsibility
grant landfills
of authorization
forfrom
the the
enforcement
for
State
setting
Board
ofupthe
orwaste
the
provisions
Committee
processing
of in
these
and
order
disposal
rules
to comply
within
facility
with
the including
territorial
the impleml
on in Form-III to the municipal authority or an operator of a facility within forty-five days stipulating compliance criteria and st
State Boards and the Committees with particular reference to implementation and review of standards and guidelines and compilation o
 MSW RULES , 2000 – Schedule 2
S.no Parameters Compliance criteria
1. Collection of Littering of municipal solid waste shall be prohibited in cities, towns and in urban areas notified by the State
•

Governments. To prohibit littering and facilitate compliance, the following steps shall be taken by the municipal
municipal solid authority, namely :-
wastes • Organising house-to-house collection of municipal solid wastes through any of the methods, like community bin
collection (central bin), house-to-house collection, collection on regular pre-informed timings and scheduling by
using bell ringing of musical vehicle (without exceeding permissible noise levels);
• Devising collection of waste from slums and squatter areas or localities including hotels, restaurants, office
complexes and commercial areas;
• Wastes from slaughter houses, meat and fish markets, fruits and vegetable markets, which are biodegradable in
nature, shall be managed to make use of such wastes;
• Bio-medical wastes and industrial wastes shall not be mixed with municipal solid wastes and such wastes shall
follow the rules separately specified for the purpose;
• Collected waste from residential and other areas shall be transferred to community bin by hand-driven
containerised carts or other small vehicles;
• Horticlutural and construction or demolition wastes or debris shall be separately collected and disposed off
following proper norms. Similarly, wastes generated at dairies shall be regulated in accordance with the State laws;
• Waste (garbage, dry leaves) shall not be burnt;
• Stray animals shall not be allowed to move around waste storage facilities or at any other place in the city or town
and shall be managed in accordance with the State laws.
•The municipal authority shall notify waste collection schedule and the likely method to be adopted for public
benefit in a city or town.
•It shall be the responsibility of generator of wastes to avoid littering and ensure delivery of wastes in accordance

with the collection and segregation system to be notified by the municipal authority
 MSW RULES , 2000 – Schedule 2
S.no Parameters Compliance criteria

2. Segregation In order to encourage the citizens, municipal authority shall organise awareness programmes
of municipal for segregation of wastes and shall promote recycling or reuse of segregated materials.
The municipal authority shall undertake phased programme to ensure community participation
solid wastes in waste segregation. For this purpose, regular meetings at quarterly intervals shall be
arranged by the municipal authorities with representatives of local resident welfare
associations and non-governmental organizations.

3. Storage of Municipal authorities shall establish and maintain storage facilities in such a manner as
they do not create unhygienic and insanitary conditions around it. Following criteria shall
municipal be taken into account while establishing and maintaining storage facilities, namely :-
solid wastes Storage facilities shall be created and established by taking into account quantities of
•

waste generation in a given area and the population densities. A storage facility shall be
so placed that it is accessible to users;
•Storage facilities to be set up by municipal authorities or any other agency shall be so

designed that wastes stored are not exposed to open atmosphere and shall be aesthetically
acceptable and user-friendly;
•Storage facilities or ‘bins’ shall have ‘easy to operate’ design for handling, transfer and

transportation of waste. Bins for storage of bio-degradable wastes shall be painted green,
those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be printed white and those for storage of
other wastes shall be printed black;
•Manual handling of waste shall be prohibited. If unavoidable due to constraints, manual

handling shall be carried out under proper precaution with due care for safety of workers.
 MSW RULES , 2000 – Schedule 2
S.no Parameters Compliance criteria

4. Transportati Vehicles used for transportation of wastes shall be covered. Waste should not be visible to
public, nor exposed to open environment preventing their scattering. The following criteria
on of shall be met, namely:-
municipal The storage facilities set up by municipal authorities shall be daily attended for
•

solid wastes clearing of wastes. The bins or containers wherever placed shall be cleaned before they
start overflowing;
•Transportation vehicles shall be so designed that multiple handling of wastes, prior to

final disposal, is avoided.

5. Processing Municipal authorities shall adopt suitable technology or combination of such technologies
of municipal to make use of wastes so as to minimize burden on landfill. Following criteria shall be
adopted, namely:-
solid wastes The biodegradable wastes shall be processed by composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic
•

digestion or any other appropriate biological processing for stabilization of wastes. It

shall be ensured that compost or any other end product shall comply with standards as
specified in Schedule-IV;
•Mixed waste containing recoverable resources shall follow the route of recycling.

Incineration with or without energy recovery including pelletisation can also be used for
processing wastes in specific cases. Municipal authority or the operator of a facility
wishing to use other state-of-the-art technologies shall approach the Central Pollution
Control Board to get the standards laid down before applying for grant of authorisation.

6. Disposal of Land filling shall be restricted to non-biodegradable, inert waste and other waste that are
not suitable either for recycling or for biological processing. Land filling shall also be
municipal carried out for residues of waste processing facilities as well as pre-processing rejects
solid wastes from waste processing facilities. Land filling of mixed waste shall be avoided unless the
same is found unsuitable for waste processing. Under unavoidable circumstances or till
installation of alternate facilities, land-filling shall be done following proper norms.
Landfill sites shall meet the specifications as given in Schedule –III.
MSW RULES , 2000 – Schedule 3 & 4
 best
practices !
Integrated Solid Waste management
Integrated Solid Waste management
 Methodology Adopted
Processes

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7

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Strategic
Objectives
 Process efficiency at different levels

Source Community Level Transfer Station Processing plant Disposal

Waste Reduction Max MID NIL NIL NIL

Sorting & Recycling Max MID NIL Max MID

Waste Processing NIL NIL NIL Max NIL

Waste Transformation NIL NIL NIL Max NIL

Disposal NIL NIL NIL NIL Max

PPP !!

Adobe Acrobat
7.0 Document
 Section

b
Existing Situati
 Solid Waste Management in West Bengal

Government of India (GoI)

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Government of West Bengal (GoWB)
Section 3, 6 & 25

Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2000

West Bengal Pollution Control Department
Board (WBPCBof
) Municipal Affairs

Managing MSW in Kolkata Metropolitan Development

Municipal
Authority
Engineering
(KMDA) Directorate (MED)
Nodal Agency for Technical Guidance for
Environmentally Sound Manner
-Preparation of project Report
(For KMA Area) - (For Non-KMA Area)
-Preparation of MSW Management Plan

Urban Local Body (ULB)

Solid Waste Management

Plan Project

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 37

 Baranagar – An Overview

A lo n g e a ste rn sid e Heritage , Culture & Pride of West Be

o f H o o g h ly R ive r

First m e ch a n ica l
First A n a n cie n t Ju te Fa cto ry in
sta tistica l re g io n o f a rtisa n In d ia
in stitu te in p e o p le
In d ia First
E sta b lish m e n t o f
Po rtu g u e se
C o lo n ist R e la te d w ith m a n y g re a t
p e rso n a litie s like S re e S re e
C h a ita n ya , S re e S re e
B e ca m e fa m o u s a s R a m krish n a Pa ra m h a n sa ,
In d u stria l C ity d u rin g Sw am i V ive ka n a n d a ,
w o rld w a rs R a b in d ra N a th Ta g o re a n d
o th e rs
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 38
SE About Baranagar
CT
•Quick Facts
IO
N
Location: Northern Outskirts of
II
•

Kolkata City
:District: North 24 Parganas
Ba
•

Total No. of Wards: 33

ck
•

Temperature
gr
•

ou
◦ ◦
• Range: 14 C to 42 C
nd
◦
•
Average: 28 C
Average Rainfall: 1278 mm
•

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 39

SE About Baranagar
CT
•Quick Facts UDPFI Guideline (Medium Sized
IO
•

Town)
N
•Geographical Area: 7.61 sq km
Population : 50,000 to 5,00,000
•

II
•Population (2001): 2,51,000
Gross Density: 10,000 to 15,000 PPSQKM
•

:
•Population (2009): 3,28,000

Ba
•Gross Density:43055 PPSQKM Average Annual Growth Rate: 2 %

ck
• (2nd Highest in KMA)

gr
•47 out of 87 slums with more than 100
families Higher Amount of Waste
ou
nd
•
Generation

High Potential Waste

Management
-High Density Development
-
- Major Waste Generating Land Use, i.e.,
Residential, Commercial & Industrial
comprises about 85% of total land of
Baranagar as compared to 50-60% in other
medium sized towns in India

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 40

SE Waste Generation & Collection
CT
•Collection
•At Source
IO
NPer Capita Waste Generation
•House to house
•
II # :
: CPHEEO: 300 – 600 gms/day collection by
Wh
•

civic employee
DoE, GoWB: 450 gms/day (Class I
•

er City)

e
•House owner
ar
e collects refuse
we
? and dumps in
the nearby bin
Waste Collection
Sr. No. Type of Waste Daily Generation
Tons/day %
1
2
located along
Domestic Waste
Trade/Institutional
40.5
9
45
10

street
Waste
3 Construction waste/ 4.5 5
Industrial waste
•Per Capita Waste
3 Market Waste 36 40
4 Slaughter house waste 0 0

Collection: 275
# should be verified during the stages of Total 90 100
detailed study
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 41
SE Waste Segregation
CT
•At Source
IO Prior to Processing
N
•No Segregation at •Vermi-Composting
II
: Source Facility is installed
Wh but not in working
er • Composite condition
e •
ar waste is
Organic - inorganic
•
e dumped
separation
wards .
in
attempted in 2
we At Sorting •Prior to Land Filling
vats byFacility
?
household
•There is no formal sorting
facility
•No mechanism in
• The waste is
•While rag pickers sort and place to sort the
then the marketable
collect
materials from the waste waste
attransported
informal level as
from
dumping grounds •Rag pickers play
it is using
•
mechanized the role
transportation informally
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 42
SE Waste Transportation
CT
vats
IO household
N
II daily
:
Wh
er
e
ar limited door to door
e collection spill over
we twice /
Collection Efficiency thrice a
? – 80 % week

at end
of every
trip

dumping municipal
site trailer
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 43
SE Waste Processing & Disposal
CT
IO
N
II
:
Wh
er
e
ar
e
we
?

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 44

SE Waste Processing & Disposal
CT
IO
N
II
:
Wh
er
e
ar
e
we
?
Vermi Composting
-Equipment have been Procured
-Pit have been made Ready
-Operations & Maintenance Still Suspended
-
“ All waste is dumped without sorting
Sorting processing
at Informal Level ”

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 45

SE SWM Resources
CT
IO Primary Collection Facilities
N Manpower: S. No.Facility Number
50 persons
II NumberType 1 Hand Cart 210
Wage
: 2 Garbage 127
Wh 35 Contract Rs.150/D
3 Vats
Tractors 9
er 15 Permanen ay
Rs.15,000
4 Excavator 1
e t /Month
(70% of them on contract
ar drawing Rs.150/- per day and
e rest 30% permanent  employee OPEX Base &Case 14,000,000
Primary Collection
we drawing average Rs.15000/- per
(2009
Secondary–Collection
2010) &
Transportation 21,500,000
month) 
? Transportation
Tertiary Collection &
Collection Transportation
Waste Processing
Frequency (weekly) Waste Disposal 1,500,000
Overall Expenditure 37,000,000

a. Ward no.1 - 7 : once

b. Rest of the Wards:
twice to thrice

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 46

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 47
 What are the problems?

ISSUE
• IMPACT
•

•High Amount •Poor Health &

Waste Hygiene
Generation •Deteriorating

•Poor Storage Urban Fabric

Mechanism At •Degraded Quality

Source Of of Life
Collection •Reduction in

•Low Level Of
Property Values
Collection •Degrading
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 48
 Section

c
Proposed Solutio
 1 . Waste Generation
Process

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

W a ste G e n e ra
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linmg aary
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C uo lrce
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Pro
o n ce ssin g D isp o sa l

Stake Holders
Involvement

rs/Households/ Markets Etc NGOs / Sakhi Mandal

Rag / Pickers RMC Management
RMC Staff
Permanent Field Staff
RMC Temporary Field Staff Contractors
Private Waste Processer Consultant

Very High Medium Medium High Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Strategic Parameters Strategies Proposed In itative

n of waste at source / Education and awareness
Controllabili Setup a Waste Reduction Cell to take up the following activities
harges on the bulk Producers •Monitor ward wise waste generation and benchmark with guidelines/best practices
ty generators should be made to pay
ion Debris •Facilitate NGO’s to spread awareness and conduct educational programs on waste red
Impacts
m shopping areas no longer overflow in community bins •Set up a Solid waste Testing Lab for Conducting field investigation on Composi
nt of NGO and Private Organisation - conducting
• meetings, street plays, competitions, and providing dustbins to the shops in the city.

Capex L
Opex L
Investment
Risk
I Return
Period
Long
 1 . 1 Proposed Strategy
Requirements
•Benchmark analyzed results ward wise, with other districts, across

groups, cities, national, int. etc.

Investments
•Consultancy charges for benchmarking lab results and target setting
Requirements
•Analyze/Test Data for waste types,
Requirements
components, volume, quantity, quality, •Facilitate NGO’s to spread awareness and

moisture content, Cal value, etc. conduct educational programs on waste

Investments
3 reduction
•Set up waste analysis through solid waste
Investments
testing lab •NGO Funding

•Media and Advertisement Activities

•Educational Tools

2 4

1 5 Requirements
•Create Municipal Laws limiting waste
Requirements
•Ward wise/HH type wise/ data collection
generation for bulk users
•Penalize Abusers/ Incentivize Best
on waste Generation
•Waste Sample Collection
Practices.
Investments
•NA
Investments
•Set up waste sampling mechanism through

waste reduction cell

 2 . Waste Handling at Source
Process

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

W a ste G e n e ra
W ti
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n H a n dPri
linmg aary
t so
C uo lrce
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Soenco&n dTra
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C o lrta
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tiTe
oonnrti&
a ry
TraCnosp
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n o&
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W aoste
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Pro
o n ce ssin g D isp o sa l

Stake Holders
Involvement

rs/Households/ Markets Etc NGOs / Sakhi Mandal

Rag / Pickers RMC Management
RMC Staff
Permanent Field Staff
RMC Temporary Field Staff Contractors
Private Waste Processer Consultant

Very High High Medium High Medium Medium Nil Nil Nil

Strategic Parameters Strategies Proposed Imitative

n & Storage of waste at source / Education and awareness
Controllabili •Promotion of sorting and recycling activities
egregation of hazardous waste at source and disposal through special collection drives•Segregation and Storage at source
eparatetybeans to collect dry waste/recyclables to be collected once/twice a week with•Awareness
an incentive payout through
campaigns per kg through
NGOs kabari system
Impacts
ecycling sector (Kabari) through municipal support •Setup Center of waste recycling
•Investment in recycling Sector
•Augmentation of material recycling trade
Capex M •
•
Opex L
Investment
Risk
I Return
Period
Mid
2 . 1 Proposed Strategy
Requirements
•Create Market place for assembling
Requirements
•Provide means and incentive to house hold
kabari/Rag pickers network and make
them meet bulk buyers
for segregation of dry waste
•Set up govt. approved rate to be paid to

Investments
household/ ragpickers for recyclables
Investments
4 •Set up Centre for Recycling

•Containers (10 Litre containers required

@ 2 Nos./household) for 40-45% of house

holds

3 1

Requirements
•Facilitate NGO’s to spread awareness and

conduct educational programs on waste

2 Segregation

Investments
Requirements •NGO Funding

•Analyze/Test Data for waste types, •Media and Advertisement Activities

components, volume, quantity, quality, •Educational Tools

moisture content, Cal value, etc.

Investments
•As Proposed in Step 1
 3 . Primary Collection & Transportation
Process

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

W a ste G e n e ra
W ti
aoste
n H a n dPri
linmg aary
t so
C uo lrce
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Soenco&n dTra
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C o lrta
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tiTe
oonnrti&
a ry
TraCnosp
lleocti
rtaoti
n o&
n Tra n sp
W aoste
rta ti
Pro
o n ce ssin g D isp o sa l

Stake Holders
Involvement

rs/Households/ Markets Etc NGOs / Sakhi Mandal

Rag / Pickers RMC Management
RMC Staff
Permanent Field Staff
RMC Temporary Field Staff Contractors
Private Waste Processer Consultant

Very High High Medium High High High High Nil Nil

Strategic Parameters Strategies Proposed Imitative

Controllabili •100% door to door collection services
•Collection through a mix of Different channel (Sakhi Mandal + Private Contract
•Mechanization of collection
•Improved Hand Carts
ty •Efficient TEP to save •time & Improve
Motorized cleanliness
Collection vans
Impacts •Mechanization of Road •sweeping activities
Use hydraulic /Mechanical Jacks wherever possible
•Reduction of street litter
•Mechanical sweepers
•Effective scheduling and deployment
•Commercial of staff
establishment collection to be taken up through motorized collectio
Capex H • •Education and awareness programs
•Waste management system deployment
•
Opex L •
•
•
Investment
Risk
I Return
Period
Mid
3 . 1 Proposed Strategy
Requirements
•Monitor productivity benchmarks for each
Requirements
•Provide (Modify/Upgrade) TEP as per the
of the systems and constantly provide
feedback for realigning deployment
identified requirement in step 2
•Manage complete scheduling activity as per

Investments
the swm it system capable of forecasting
seasonal variation
Investments
4 •SWM IT system

•Identified TEP as per the available options

•SWM IT system

3 1

Requirements
•Classify all house hold area, commercial

establishments, roads, etc on basis of

2 density, typology, income group and other
parameters
Investments
Requirements •Mapping of city profile on a GIS based

•Identify best suitable optionfor the

system
classified area as per tags and
suitability/productivity/effectiveness index
etc
Investments
•NA
 3 . 2 Proposed Mechanism

Channel TEP used at present Proposed TEP to be Used Focus Area

Sakhi Mandal Hand Carts Modified Hand Carts with EWS, LIG, Slums
Bearing/Locking Arrangement/Possible
Hydraulic jacks

Sweepersfor Residential Hand Carts Motorized Auto Rickshaw with MIG/HIG

Area - Low Housing mechanical Jacks /Improved Hand Carts
Density

Sweepers for Residential Hand Carts Tricycle Mounted cart with Mechanical LIG/MIG/HIG
Area – Dense Housing Jacks/Improved Hand Carts
Density

Sweepers for Commercial Hand Carts Motorized Auto Rickshaw with Commercial markets/identified zones
Establishments mechanical Jacks /Improved Hand Carts with high number of commercial
establishments

Road Sweeping – major Manually Mechanical Sweepers for major roads Major roads as identified
roads

Road Sweeping – Other Manually – Hand Carts Tricycle Mounted cart with Mechanical Other roads
Roads Jacks/Improved Hand Carts
SE Strategy
CT
IO
N
II
:
Wh
at
ca
n
be
do
ne
?

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 57

SE Low Cost Techniques
CT
IO
N Controlled landfills: has clay liner, leachate collection and
treatment system, systematic layering and compaction of waste,
II regular covering, etc.)
:
Wh Sanitary landfills: has geo-synthetic liner, leachate
collection and treatment system, passive venting, proper
at operation)
ca
n Bio-reactor landfills: designed and operated as bio-reactor /
be anaerobic digestor. 15-25% less land requirement compared to
sanitary landfills; maximization of LFG generation with time
do
ne Composting (windrow or passive)
?
In-vessel composting is not low cost technology, but well
established and effective treatment process especially with
MSW having high organic fraction (>40%), low land
availability (small footprint), odor problems, problems siting
of treatment facility

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 58

SE Incineration
CT
IO
N Combustion of raw MSW, moisture less than 50%
II
: Sufficient amount of oxygen is required to fully oxidize the
Wh fuel
at
caCombustion temperatures are in excess of 850oC
n
beWaste is converted into CO2 and water concern about toxics
do (dioxin, furans)
ne
? Any non-combustible materials (inorganic such as metals,
glass) remain as a solid, known as bottom ash (used as
feedstock in cement and brick manufacturing)

Fly ash APC (air pollution control residue) particulates, etc

Needs high calorific value waste to keep combustion process

going, otherwise requires high energy for maintaining high
temperatures
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 59
SE Anaerobic digestion
CT
IO
N Well known technology for domestic sewage and organic
II wastes treatment, but not for MSW
:
WhBiological conversion of biodegradable organic materials in
at the absence of oxygen at temperatures 55 to 75oC
ca (thermophilic digestion – most effective temperature range)
n
beResidue is stabilized organic matter that can be used as
soil amendment after proper dewatering
do
ne
? Digestion is used primarily to reduce quantity of sludge
for disposal / reuse

Methane gas generated used for electricity / energy

generation or flared

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 60

S MSW Treatment Technology - Comparison
E
Technology Plant capacity Capital cost O&M cost Planning to
C (tons/day) (M Rs) (Rs/ton) Commissioning
TI Pyrolysis 70-270 800 – 4500 4000 – 7500 12 - 30
(months)
Gasification 900 750 – 8500 4000 – 7500 12 – 30
O Incineration 1300 1500 – 9000 4000 – 6000 54 – 96
Plasma 900 2500 – 4000 4000 – 7500 12 – 30
N gasification
Anaerobic 300 1000 – 4000 3000 - 5000 12 - 24
II: digestion
In vessel 500 2500 – 4000 1500 - 3000 9 – 15
W composting
Sanitary landfill 500 250 – 500 500 - 1000 9 – 15
h Bioreactor landfill 500 500 – 750 750 - 1500 12 – 18
at
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n S o u rce : M u n icip a lS o lid W a ste Tre a tm e n t Te ch n o lo g ie s a n d C a rb o n Fin a n ce , C a rb o n Fin a n ce U n it, W o rld B a n k
e? ( 2008 )
A ssu m p tio n : C u rre n cy C o n ve rsio n Fa cto r: 1 U S D = 5 0 IN R
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 61
S Our Plans.…..Process
E
C
TI
O
N
II:
W
h
at
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e?
INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 62
SE Our Plans.…..Details - 1
CT
IO
1 . Initialization
N Waste from the city is brought in dumpers and
II brought into waste processing plant wherein it is
: weighed and taken for other stages of processing as
shown in chart.
Wh
at 2 . Segregation
ca The waste undergoes second stage of the entire
process wherein it is taken to segregation, wherein
n the waste is segregated into three components
be namely:
do 1. Wet Organic waste.
2. Dry Organic waste.
ne 3. Recyclable waste (Plastic, Metal, etc.).
? 4. Inert Materials.
The segregation is done owing to the material having
specific gravity. The material is allowed to pass
through conveyor belt wherein dry waste and wet
waste is segregated as latter being heavier settles
down. Then wet waste taken to further processing,
while dry waste is segregated further into
recyclable material, wherein metal and usable
plastic is taken as scrap and sold for recycling.

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 63

SE Our Plans.…..Details - 2
CT
IO
•3 . Wet Organic Waste
NWet waste comprises about 20 % to 30 % of total
•

waste. Wet waste sprayed in the composting yard where

II
heaps of waste is made and left for aerobic digestion.
:Regular spraying of water is done to enable speedy
digestion. The heap is left for 40 days during which the
Wh
waste is overturned manually regularly so as the
at
aeration is achieved. After 40 days wet waste gets
ca
transformed into organic compost.
n4 . Dry Organic Waste .
•

be
•Dry waste forms 30 to 40 % of waste which utilized
for making green
do
•coal or fluff as it is commercially called. The process
ne
is briefly described as below:
Hand sorting of large size high calorific value
?material
•

from platform sort conveyor. Pass mixed

garbage through screening cum bag cutting trammel.
Divert under size wet/green material with low C.V. for
composting Carry forward woody material including pre-
separated material / and paper products for shredding.
Dry the shredded material Crushing of dry material for
size reduction. Compress the fluff for densification or
feed directly to boiler. Store the compressed fuel
pellets for use in boiler or open sale.
•

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 64

S Our Plans.…..Details - 3
E
C5. Recyclable Waste
•

TFifth
•
I stage of entire process is segregation of
recyclable waste like rubber, metal, plastic which
Obore economic importance in junk market. The
Nmetals are separated by magnetic separators
Iwhereas
I : rubber is hand picked at the platform sort
conveyor. Finally plastic is separated at time of
Wsegregation. This waste comprises of about 3% to
h5% of total waste and such waste is sold.
   
a6.t Inert Materials
•

ca
• Finally the last stage of process which is of utmost
nimportance as it decides the one of major
constituent of waste which used to go to landfill
bsite until now. The inert materials which mainly
ewere send to sanitary landfill in most of processing
plant of yet. But Bio Vision has come out with
dtechnology and innovation which has made
opossible to use the most of MSW and very less as
n10% to 15% of total waste goes to Sanitary
Landfill site. Finally the residue from this process
ewhich
? is as less as 10% to 15%, is sent for Land fill
in Sanitary Land fill Site. INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 65
SE Our Plans.…..Outcome
CT
IO
N •OUTCOME
II •The results has been very encouraging and which has made waste plant

first of its kind in

: •country. It is first of fully Integrated Waste Processing Plant. The entire

Wh waste of 150 MT of
at •MSW is processed into; 

ca • Bio Fertilizer: 35 MT
Fluff (Green Coal): 20 MT
n
•

Eco – Bricks: 7500

be
•

• Recyclable : Metals, Plastic and others 

do • 

ne •

? •SUSTAINABILITY
•For any project to be successful, it has to pass through the litmus test of

sustainability.
•Again the private operators would survive in market and also continue

the project only if

•it is profitable to him so we seek your support to make us effort a

success.
•

• We are facing problem for combating which we all need to participate

INTEGRATEDtowards oneMANAGEMENT
SOLID WASTE goal FOR BARANAGAR 66
•A Greener Future…………………………….
 Base Level Systems Architecture ( Field Modules )
1 . Waste Generation Module 5 . Tertiary
3 . Primary Collection & Transportation Module Collection & Transportation
( Solid Waste Lab ) ( Ward Offices ) ( Waste Processing Plant )

wise/Zone wise Data collection , analysis

•Colony & reporting
Wise/Ward wise/Zoneon •Zone wise
wise Data collection, analysis & Data collection
reporting on , analysis & reporti
Generation qty/Tren. •% door to door collection •Efficiency of tertiary Transportation
Type •Scheduling of staff •Rated vs. Actual load capacities
Characteristics •Efficiency of various systems/modes •Travel Time
lab results •User’s feedback/performance •Optimum Utilization of Resources
lable Contents

CENTRAL
DATABASE

gregation Pattern ( Centre for 4Recycling

. Secondary
& Collection
Reuse ) & Transportation
6 . Waste Module
Processing / waste conversion / To
( Transfer Stations ) ( Landfill Office / WPP )

wise/Zone wise Data collection , analysis

•Colony
Wise/Ward wise/Zoneon
t of recyclables present
gregation done
t paid to consumers
t paid to Kabadi NW
& reporting
wise Data•Daily /Weekly
collection Monthly/Quarterly
, /analysis /Yearly
& reporting on data collection, ana
•Efficiency of secondary transportation•Quality & Quantity of waste supplied
•Rated vs. actual capacities •Amount of waste transformation/ Utilization
•Diversion
•Scheduling of dumpers viz-a viz to tippers , etc. to landfill site
•
 Base Level Systems Architecture ( HQ Modules )
ource Planning Module ( Head Office )3 . On Line Route / Ideal Time Monitoring 5 . Maintenance Centre
( Workshop )

•Projection on waste generations •Resource performance

•GPS Based Tracking of Resources – Tippers/Dumpers/JCB/Etc
•Productivity matrices & Norms
•Ideal time Monitoring •Maintenance schedule
•Staff on Rolls •Route Planning and deviation Monitoring • Wear & Tear Status
•Resources at disposal •Breakdown Support •Depreciation Schedule
•Seasonal Variation •Synchronization of Primary and secondary transportation•Projections
means to store
•Contractors availability •Others
•Resources NA due to maintenance
•

CENTRAL
DATABASE

2 . Financial Payout Centre 4 . Warehouse 6 . Performance Monitoring ( Ward level / Zone

rated against Each Contractor/Payment Centers•Resources On Field •Over all performance monitoring wrt to the fo
Versus/Actual Works •Resources Forecast Schedule •Waste Generation patterns
f Certification •Consumables Requirement Schedule •Waste Handling at source
Schedule •Resources & cons. Available at store •Efficiency of primary /Sec/Tert co
al Performance reporting •Consumptions comparison Etc. •Efficiency of WPP & Landfills
WBS Levels for Data Collection Tags

Rajkot City Solid Waste Management

L1 Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3

L2 Ward X1- X10 Ward X11- X20 Ward X21- X30

L3 Streets AA- AZ Streets BA- BZ Streets CA-CZ

L4 Colonies/Society Colonies/Society Colonies/Society

L5 Municipal Coll. Points Municipal Coll. Points Municipal Coll. Points

Other Tags attached to primary

tags
HIG MIG LIG EWS

Pop. Density Area Housing Density Population Proj.

Prim Coll Meth Sec . Coll Meth Transfer . ST . Ward Office

 Section

d
Financial impac
 Section

e
Way Forward
 Section

f
Our Background