Assignment 1

Acoustics
1. Which of the following options represent a sound
source moving with speed of sound?
(In the figures, green dot represents source and brown
circles represent sound waves.)
A B

D
C
2. Which of the following waves requires presence of a
material medium for propagation?

a) Light.

b) Sound.

c) X rays.

d) Infrared rays.
3. Which of the following equations is nonlinear in
or ?

a) =2 +3.

4 4
b) = 2 4 +3.
4

2 2
c) = 2 2 +3.

d) = 7 + 9 .

4. Consider a differential equation, = + .

Here, and are functions of time and all other
terms are constant. Which of the following statements
is true about homogeneous and particular response of
the system represented by above differential equation?
a) Homogeneous response decays with time and particular
response gives steady state solution.

b) Both homogeneous and particular responses decay with time.

c) Both homogeneous and particular responses grow with time.

d) Homogeneous response gives steady state solution and

particular response decays with time.

+
5. Consider a signal, = . What

can we conclude about decay or growth of () ?

(A,B and C are positive constants)

a) will decay with rate of decay B.

b) will grow with rate of growth B.

c) will decay with rate of decay C.

d) will grow with rate of growth C.

6. Which of the following systems decays fastest?

a) Under damped system.

b) Critically damped system.

c) Over damped system.

d) Both over damped and underdamped.

7. Which of the following statements is not true about
Bode plots?

a) Help to study linear systems.

b) They are plots of the time response of a linear system.

c) Shows asymptotic behavior of a transfer function.

d) Not used for nonlinear systems

8. Which of the following is true about the axes for
Bode phase plots?

x-axis y-axis

a)

b)

c)

d)
9. Which physical quantity is used to characterize
sound pressure level in dB?

a) Amplitude of pressure produced due to pressure wave, radiated to

atmosphere with rest pressure Po.

b) Amplitude of absolute pressure in atmosphere when sound is produced.

c) RMS value of pressure produced due to pressure wave radiated to

atmosphere with rest pressure Po.

d) RMS value of absolute pressure produced in atmosphere when sound is

produced.
10. Which of the following options is not required for
deriving the 1-D Wave Equation?

a) Newtons 2nd law of motion.

b) Conservation of mass.

c) Equilibrium of moment.

d) Gas law.
11. The linearized equation of momentum for 1D
wave propagation is_______?

a) = .

b) = .

c) = .

d) = .

12. Which of the following thermodynamic processes
accurately captures the behavior of gas when an
acoustic wave passes through it?

a) Isobaric process.

b) Isochoric process.

c) Isothermal process.

d) Adiabatic process.
13. _____ is the expression for speed of sound in
fluids?

a) =
.

b) = .

c) = .
2

2
d) = .

14. Which of the following options can be a suitable

solution for the wave equation, = ?

a) .

b) ( + ).

c) Both a) and b).

d) None of the above.

15. Which of the following statements can be made for an
infinitely long tube excited by a piston, for the position x=0?

a) P+ = P-

b) P+ = -P-

c) P- = 0 x=0

d) P+ = 0
16. Which of the following relations explicitly shows
that c represents the speed of sound wave?

2 1 2
a) =
2 2 2

b) =

c) =

d) , = + +

17. Which of the following is the transmission line equation
for 1-D planar sound waves propagating in loss-less
medium?
(, ) +

a) = +


(, )

(, ) +

b) = +


(, )

(, ) +

c) = +


(, )

(, ) +

d) = +
(, )

18. Which of the following acoustical property varies
with position in a medium?
a) Driving point impedance

b) Specific acoustic impedance

c) Characteristic impedance

d) Options a and b
19. Which of the following instruments can be used
for characterizing acoustic properties of a material?

a) Kundts tube.

b) Seismometer.

c) Muffler.

d) Accelerometer.
20. The definition of standing wave ratio() is:

a) =

b) =

2
c) =

d) =
2
21. If the Which of the following is the appropriate
statement about the velocity of sound derived by
assuming adiabatic and isothermal processes?

a) Velocity of sound derived with adiabatic process is higher than that of

isothermal process.

b) Velocity of sound derived with adiabatic process is lower than that of

isothermal process.

c) Velocity of sound derived with adiabatic process is equal to that of

isothermal process.

d) Velocity of sound derived with adiabatic process may be higher or

lower than that of isothermal process.
22. A cylinder-piston arrangement is at its equilibrium
position. If we give a small disturbance to piston, the
gas in the cylinder will act as spring. What will be the
expression for the spring stiffness of such a spring?
Assume that the volume of gas in the cylinder, when
the piston is in equilibrium is .

a) = 2
Cylinder

b) = 2 Piston

c) = 2

Volume = Vo
Cross sectional Area = Ao

d) = 2

23. Two long metallic plates are kept in parallel and
the potential difference across them is . What is
the boundary condition at x=0?

()
~
= - =0

a) At = 0, current =

b) At = 0, current = 0

c) At = , current =

d) At = , current = 0
24. A sound wave with an incident complex
magnitude + enters another medium. The complex
magnitude for reflected and transmitted sound waves
is and , respectively. What is the attenuation
factor for such a wave as it enters into the second
medium??

a)
+ +

2
b)
+
Medium 1 Medium 2
1
2
c)
+

2
d)
+
25. What is the definition for transmission loss (),
for a sound wave propagating from one medium into
another?

a) = 10 log10

b) = 10 log10

c) = 20 log10

d) = 20 log10

26. The following graph depicts transmission loss for a planar
wall with respect to varying frequency. In this graph, which
region is mass controlled?
A B

Average transmission loss

a) A

(dB)
b) B

c) Both A and B Frequency (Hz)

d) None of the above

27. In stiffness controlled region , expression for
attenuation for an acoustic wave incident from
random direction is given by _________?

1
a) cos 2
1+ 2

1
b) sin 2
1+ 2

1
c) 1 2
1+ 2

1
d) 1
1+ 2

28. The value of incident and transmitted sound
power intensity on a plane wall of thickness 30 cm is
130 dB and 80 dB, respectively. Thus, the reduction
of sound intensity across the wall is by a factor of
____ .

a) 10000

b) 100000

c) 1000

d) 100
29. If for an ISO frequency band the central frequency is
p, then its band number would be :

a) 20log10

b) 40log10

c) 10log10

d) None of above
30. Acoustical average power per cycle is not zero for:

a) An undamped infinitely long tube.

b) A short undamped open tube.

c) A short undamped close tube.

d) None of the above.

31. If power correction factor for a system is 1, then
its transmission loss will be _________.

a) Maximum

b) Minimum

c) Infinite

d) None of above
32. For a monopole sound source which of the
following is true.

a) = 0; = 0 and 0
Note:

p= Pressure
r = Radial direction
b) = 0; 0 and =0
= Azimuthal angle
=Zenith angle

c) 0; = 0 and = 0

d) None of above
33. The magnitude of pressure at point P, which is at
a distance r from a simple monopole sound source is
proportional to _________.

a)

1
b)

1
c)
2

1
d)

34. The value of specific acoustical impedance, Z(r,)
for a monopole sound source becomes approximately
equal to the characteristic impedance, Z0, of the
medium at a radial distance, r, when ____.

a) r
2

b) r
2

c) Never

d) None of the above

35. Volume velocity of a sound source is defined as:

a) Dot product of pressure of sound source and velocity of sound

source.

b) Dot product of velocity of sound source and area of sound source.

c) Dot product of pressure of sound source and area of sound source.

d) None of the above

36. Near-field for a monopole sound source refers to
the zone for which the radial distance (r) is in the
range of ____.

a) 0 to 2 times ( )
2

b) 0 to 3 times ( )
2

c) 0 to 4 times ( )
2

d) 0 to 5 times ( )
2
37. At a particular angular position P, two monopole

sound sources separated by a distance of produce

minimum pressure amplitude. If the magnitude of
volume velocity of both of these sources is same, and
the phase difference their volume velocities is /2
radians, then, what will be the angular position of
point P.
a) 0 degree

b) 90 degree

c) 180 degree

d) 270 degree
38. The ratio of specific characteristic impedance for a

spherical and planar wave fronts, i.e. is:

1
a)

1+(2)2

1
b)

1+()2

1
c)

1+(4)2

d) None of above
39. A small spherical sound dissipates 12 W of
acoustical power. Calculate the sound intensity
level in air at a point, which is 70 cm away from the
sound source. Assume free-field conditions.

a) 100 dB

b) 122 dB

c) 136 dB

d) 146 dB
40. The relation for volume-velocity for a
monopole sound source is: Volume-velocity = ____.

4 (,)
a)
( )
3

4 (,)
b)
( )

4 (,)
c)
( )

d) None of above
41. Calculate the sound pressure level for the
following signal. The medium of propagation is air at
STP.
a) 105 dB

b) 104 dB

c) 103 dB

d) 102 dB