AVIATION HUMAN FACTOR

LECTURE 1:
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN FACTOR

PREPARED BY:
MOHD ARIFF BIN ABDUL JALIL
B. ENG. (AEROSPACE)(HONS) - IIUM
AVIATION MANAGEMENT COLLEGE
 Course Synopsis
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This module provide the knowledge or how people,
crew and passengers are affected when flying in
high altitude.
The ability to know the behaviors of human beings
in aircrafts.
Understand the needs of passengers in an aircrafts.

11/12/2017
 Course Objectives In general
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Provide knowledge to students the general factors in

affecting humans body system in atmosphere for
understanding and prevention purposes.
Students should be able to appreciate the causes of
certain aviation sickness and their precautionary
needed to overcome them.
Having awareness on aviation sickness especially to:
Recognize the symptoms.
Action needed to overcome the problem.

11/12/2017
 Learning Outcomes
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Appreciate and understanding the relevancies of

studying human factors in aviation.
Understand the relation between liveware to other
elements (software, hardware, and environment).
{SHEL Concept}
Acquire some basic understanding of Human
Physiology.
 Definition of Human Factor
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According to Federal Aviation Administration, FAA:

Human Factors is defined as a multidisciplinary

effort to generate and compile information about
human capabilities and limitations and apply that
information to equipment, systems, facilities,
procedures, jobs, environments, training, staffing
and personnel management for safe, comfortable,
effective human performance (FAA Order 9550.8
Human Factors Policy).
 According to International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO) :
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"Human Factors is about people : it is about

people in their working and living
environments, and it is about their relationship
with equipment, procedures, and the
environment. Just as importantly, it is about
their relationships with other people.... Its two
objectives can be seen as safety and efficiency.
-(ICAO Circular 227)
 Objectives of AHF
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Identify the technical efforts necessary to address the

most operationally significant human issues (e.g.:
flying syndromes) in aviation and acquire necessary
resources to respond to these issues.

Understand the human part and to recognize when

the body and/or mind is not in tune with the aircraft.

Maintain and develop high level of awareness of

physiology of flight.
 Airbus A380 Vs Tin Goose
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VS
 Accidents & Incidents
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What is the differences between accident and
incident??

Incident:event
Accident: event that caused unintentionally.
 SHEL Model
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Most of aircraft accident were because of human

error.
Aircraft mechanical failures greatly decrease and
rarely happen due to high and modern technology
used in aviation.
The SHELL Model is defined as the relationship of
human factors and the aviation environment (Reinhart,
1996, p. 6 10).
 SHELL CONCEPT

H
S = Software

H = Hardware
S L E
L
E = Environment

L = Liveware

L = Liveware

11
 SHELL CONCEPT
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Software: Procedures,
Policies/Rules, Manuals

Liveware (people): Hardware: Tools,

Physical, Knowledge, Aircraft, Equipment,
Attitudes, Cultures, Workspaces,
Buildings

Liveware (team): Environment:

Teamwork, Physical,
Communication, Organizational,
Leadership Political, Economic
 SHELL Model
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Figure shown
illustrates how the
interface of
flightcrew, machine,
systems, equipment
and software come
together in airspace
environment.
 SHELL Concept
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However, many factors that cause people to become

confused and make mistakes when handling aviation
jobs such as:
Information transfer problem
Language difficulties when flying internationally

Mis-read checklist

Mis-interpret intrument indications

Weather condition

Fatigue

Psychological problem
 Why must study Human Factor?
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More than 70%

Aviation accidents and
incidents can be
related to Human
Factors causes.
Other factors: weather
, equipment,
maintenance,
airport/ATC , other
 Why must study Human Factor?
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 ANY QUESTION??
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!