Synthesis of Carboxymethyl

cellulose
Introduction:

CMC is a cellulose derivative polymer.

Good rheological and gel stable characteristics
Can get higher viscosity at low temperature
CMC has good hydrophile and rehydration properties
Have good suspension bearing capacity
Why Natural Fibres?

Cost effective
Easily Available
Fast Growing
Better Waste Disposal
Better use of pest plants
 Why we chose these plants?
Bamboo: Easily available, High Cellulose content.
Bagasse: Common waste, Cheaply available
Water Hyacinth, Pest plant, Fastly growing.
Objective

Preparation, Characterization and Comparison of CMC produced

from
Water Hyacinth
Bagasse
Common synthesis
 Procedure to Isolate Cellulose
1. Water hyacinth powdering

Sample was dried at 70C for 72 hours,

Grounded and then sieved using 60 mesh size sieve.

2.
 Dewaxing:

To remove wax from the dried powder

Sample: 5 gm of water hyacinth powder
Solvent : Ethanol & Toluene
Maintained temperature at 100C
Delignification:

To remove lignin from dewaxed fibre

Solvent: i) Acetic acid (99.8 wt%)

ii) Hydrogen peroxide (35 wt%)
Catalyst: Titanium dioxide (~1 gm)
Maintained temperature at 95-100C
Alkaline Treatment

To remove the pectin and hemi-cellulose

Solvent: Sodium hydroxide (6 wt%)
Maintained temperature at 95-100C and
stirred for 2 hours
 Characterization
1. FTIR Analysis:
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
FTIR Spectrometer is used
 To obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of solid ,liquid
and gas
Wave numbers gives assignment
FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects high-spectral-resolution data
over a wide spectral range.
2. X-ray Diffraction
3. Thermogravimetric Analysis
4. Scanning Electron Microscopy
 APPLICATIONS:
High viscosity of sodium CMC reduces 3%-5% oil content of fried food
during the process of frying.
Used to make food keep the uniformity on odor, concentration and taste.
Can retain certain moisture of bakery food, prevent such food from aging or
seasoning crack, and make food with appearance configuration.
Is helpful for intestine cleaning as cellulose, suitable to make low calorie
food for patients with hypertension, arteriosclerosis, coronary heart diseases.
Results: FTIR graph
For Dried Water hyacinth fiber:
For Dewaxed Water hyacinth fiber
For Delignified Water hyacinth fiber
For Cellulose
FTIR peak values
Recovery
Conclusion

The fibers of water hyacinth were dewaxed, delignified, washed and

treated to with alkaline solution. This fiber was analysed using FTIR
analysis and we concluded that the sample we isolated was in fact
cellulose. The percentage recovery was calculated to be 28%
 Literature Review
Author Title Significant Point Year

Asep Handaya Synthesis and Characterization of CMC from Introduction 2015

Saputra, Melanie Water Hyacinth Cellulose Using Isobutyl-Isopropyl
Hapsari, Alia Badra Alcohol Mixture as Reaction Medium
Pitaloka

J Drug Deliv Carboxymethyl Cellulose Acetate Butyrate: A Review of the Properties 2014
Preparations, Properties, and Applications

J.X. Sun, X.F. Sun, Isolation and characterization of cellulose from sugarcane Identified method 2004
H. Zhao, R.C. Sun bagasse of isolation

Jianxin He, Differences in Morphological Characteristics of Characteristics and 2007

plants to focus on.
Yuyuan Tang, Bamboo
and Shan-Yuan Fibres and other Natural Cellulose Fibres
Wang
Work Plan

Isolation of cellulose(using Bagasse & hyacinth)

Synthesis of CMC
Characterization of CMC
Applications of the synthesized CMC
Reference:

1.Rondeau-Mouroa C., Bouchet B., Pontoire B., Robert P., Mazoyer J., Buleon A., Structural features and
potential texturising properties of lemon and maize cellulose microfibrils,
2. Carbohyd. Res., 53, 241-252, 2003.2. Dapia S., V. Santos, J.C. Parajo, (2003). Carboxymethyl cellulose
from totally chlorine free-bleached milox pulps. Bioresour. Technol., 89: 289-296
3. Asep Handaya Saputra, Linnisa Qadhayna, and Alia Badra Pitaloka, Synthesis and Characterization of
Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) from Water Hyacinth Using Ethanol-Isobutyl Alcohol Mixture as the
Solvents, International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, Vol. 5, No. 1
4. Reddy N., Yang Y., Structure and properties of high quality natural cellulose fibers from
cornstalks,Polymer, 46, 5494-5500, 2005
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Chem. Phys., 201, 19131921, 2000.
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type. Part II: A new infrared ratio for estimation of crystallinity in celluloses I and II, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,
8, 1325-1341, 1964.
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