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Software Effort Attributes
Software Effort Attributes
Type of Labor
Hour Information
Employment Class
Labor Class
Activity
Product-Level Functions
CSCI-Level Functions (major functional element)
Build-Level Functions (customer release)
System-Level Functions
Software Effort Attributes
The intent of the COE architecture is to normalize the computing environment and achieve a
balance between unconstrained innovation and standardization. In the commercial sector,
computing environments have become commodities and applications are developed and delivered
on commoditized and inexpensive systems (for example, the Apple iPhone and Google Android
mobile devices).
Common Operating Environment Attributes
INTERVIEWS:
Used to collect opinions and experiences from interviewees
Data collected may not always be facts
Structured, unstructured, semi-structured interviews
PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION:
Social interaction between researcher and informants
Observer not necessarily engaged
Think aloud protocols:
subject verbalizes his or her thoughts
Fly on the wall:
researcher must be unobtrusive (not attracting attention)
DATA COLLECTION Qualitative Data Collection
FOCUS GROUPS:
Combine interviewing and participant observation
Group interactions generate new data
Gain insights into the respondents behaviors, attitudes and language
QUESTIONNAIRES/TESTS:
Sets of questions, which need written answers
Most common method - quick and easy
Important:
Wording of the questions
Layout of the forms
Ordering of the questions
DATA COLLECTION Qualitative Data Collection
The Pros and Cons
PROS
Rich data, highly detailed
Contact with respondents
Can explore topics in depth
Behavioral aspects of responses
Close to source of data
CONS
Large volume of information
Expensive and time-consuming
Highly trained professionals
Participants changing behavior
Observer bias distorts data
DATA COLLECTION Quantitative Data
Collection
DATA COLLECTION Quantitative Data
Collection
SURVEYS/POLLS:
Series of questions that a person answers
Provide descriptive data
Collect data from a large sample of anonymous people
AUTOMATIC METHODS:
SIMULATION:
Abstraction of real life process
Based on experimental data
INSTRUMENTING SYSTEMS:
Instrumentation built into software tools
Record information automatically, system monitoring
ANALYSIS OF LOG FILES:
Analyze log files generated by build tools
Automatically extract information
DATA COLLECTION Quantitative Data
Collection. The Pros and Cons
PROS
Allow broader study,
generalization of results
Greater objectivity, accuracy of
results
Allow summarizing of
information
Personal bias can be avoided
CONS
Limited results (numerical
descriptions, no human
perception)
Laboratory environment not
same as real world Cannot be
applied for all
phenomena/situations
DATA COLLECTION The Mixed Method
DATA COLLECTION Reliability and Validity
The HAWTHORNE EFFECT - People act differently when they are being observed.
The End.