Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Agenda
UL transmission process
Bandwidth requests
UL scheduling and resource allocation
UL data transmission and HARQ
3
RLC
MAC
Physical
Air interface
4
3. UL Demodulation Signal
In UL the reference signals are time multiplexed with the data transmission of the same
terminal
Design of Demodulation Reference Signals DRS
9
Position of DRS
Time domain:
For PUCCH: the number and the exact position of the DRS is dependent on the
format (1/1a/1b or 2/2a/2b) used
For PUSCH: every 4th symbol in every time
slot (the 3rd symbol for the extended cyclic
prefix)
Frequency domain:
DRS has the same bandwidth like
the UL transmission of the terminal
PUCCH and PUSCH Multiplexing
10
PUCCH as a kind of guard band for the UL transmission (defining the maximum UL
Transmission Bandwidth)
Maximize the available PUSCH region for user data
PUCCH
Total UL Bandwith
PUSCH
Frequency
12 subcarriers
PUCCH
PUCCH
PUCCH Mapping for ACK/NACK only and Scheduling Request
12
13
There are The scenarios in which the UE should sent SRI / ACK or CQI at the same time, for these the solution is
Multiplexing or dropping signaling data.
The size in frequency of the overall PUCCH region is variable depending on available bandwidth and amount of
signalling.
Resource Allocation
18
For CQI (periodic) the resources are reserved in advance and depend on the number of RRC connected users
For ACK/ NACK the number of resources is directly related with the size of the Downlink PDCCH region (1,2,3
symbols) which in turn is dependent on the number of the DL scheduled users
For SRI (Scheduling Request Indicator )the resources are allocated on the need basis
The overall number of the Resource Blocks used in UL is configured by higher layer parameters
The UE knows the parameters from the system information. The main parameters used are:
Maximum Resource Blocks used in one time slot (0,5 ms)
The actual size is dependent on the cell load (scheduling decision)
Number of Resource Blocks reserved for CQI periodic reporting -
Number of cyclic shifts reserved for the formats 1/1a/1b
This parameter is used with shared PUCCH resource blocks between formats 1/1a/1b and 2/2a/2b
19
Resource Allocation
The resource allocation for PUCCH is too big for only one UE
The resource allocation for one user = 1 resource block (12 subcarriers in 1 ms)
This may be too big for the transmission of the signalling associated to only one UE (ACK/ Resource Request/
CQI)
Subframe 0
36 Subcarriers
The SRS is not necessarily transmitted together with any
physical channel
Sub frame configuration
The Sub frames in which SRS are transmitted by any UE within
the cell are indicated by cell-specific broadcast signaling.
Position
The SRS transmissions are always in the last SC-FDMA symbol SRS
in the configured Sub frames
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Normal CP
Duration and Periodicity of SRS Transmissions
22
2 ms (SRS minimum
transmission periodicity)
16 RBs
23
Interleaved FDMA
Interleaved FDMA (IFDMA) is used in the SRS
SCFDMA symbol, with a Repetition Factor
(RPF) of 2. 0
Implies that the signal occupies every 2nd 0
X0SRS
OFDM Modulator
subcarrier within the allocated sounding 0
bandwidth with a comb-like spectrum X1SRS
A UE is assigned, as part of its configurable 0
SRS parameters, the transmissionComb
index (0 or 1) on which to transmit the SRS. 0
XM-1SRS
0
0
SRS Bandwidths
24
More 1 48 16 8 4
wideband
16 RBs
SRS
2 40 20 4 4
bandwidth
= 4 RBs 3
= 12 RBs 3 36 12 4 4
4 32 16 8 4
5 24 4 4 4
6 20 4 4 4
7 16 4 4 4
Minimum Narrow
SRS bandwidth
Sounding reference signal = 4 RBs
25
SRS Bandwidths
UE far from eNodeB cannot increase its transmit power to maintain the transmission across the full bandwidth
Full bandwidth transmission limits the number of simultaneous UEs whose channels can be sounded, due to the limited
number of cyclic time shifts
So, Up to 4 SRS bandwidths can be simultaneously supported in LTE depending on the system bandwidth , it improve the
SNR and support a larger number of SRS 8 sets of four SRS bandwidths are defined for each possible system bandwidth
which provide flexibility with the values for the SRS bandwidths
26
Multiplexing of SRS
Frequency multiplexing Cyclic time shifts
UE1 SRS UE2 SRS multiplexing
UE3 SRS UE4 SRS
UE1
phase rotation 1
UE2
phase rotation 2
36 Subcarriers
UE3
phase rotation 3
UE4
phase rotation 4
Slot 1 36 Subcarriers
Slot 0
27
Multiplexing of SRS
Simultaneous SRS can be transmitted from multiple UEs using the same RBs by using different cyclic time shifts of
the same base sequence to achieve orthogonal separation
Multiple UEs share the same RB and the same offset of the comb
Eight (evenly-spaced) cyclic time shifts per SRS-comb are supported with the cyclic shift being configured
individually for each UE
Reference signals must span the same frequency band
Through frequency multiplexing by assigning different UEs to different frequency shifts or combs .
Transmission doesnt cover identical frequency bands
28
HARQ
The "H" in HARQ means "Hybrid, means ARQ with FEC (forward error correction).
29
HARQ Process
A little bit different mode of HARQ process is used depending on whether it is for FDD or TDD and whether it is for Uplink and
Downlink.
i. For Downlink
It can use the 8 HARQ processes in any order (Asynchronous Process).
UE does not know anything about HARQ process information for DL data before it gets it. So Network send these
information (Process ID, RV) in PDCCH (DCI, Refer to DCI section of this site).
HAPPY LEARNING