3.

PIPELINES
AND POWER
STATION

By:
Quilantang, Clairole Marie L.
Yanga, Jiezl Marie N.
Definition of Pipelines
 Definition of Pipelines

a conduit made from a line of pipes

connected end-to-end
used for sending/carrying/transport of
liquids and gasses over a long distance
Sample of Pipelines

Dubai Electricity and Water Authority has

started building a water supply pipeline $8.2m
project in Hatta. Involves laying a new pipeline
distribution network, with pipes ranging in size
from a diameter of 100mm-450mm. In total,
around 30km of pipelines will be laid. The work
is expected to take 14 months to complete.

Air Liquide Philippines

owns and operates
pipeline networks in
Luzon and Visayas
supplying oxygen,
nitrogen and hydrogen
to various industries.
Pipeline Engineer
 Pipeline Engineer

Works on the systems that are used to transport gas and oil
products.
The development of pipeline routes, determining technical
specifications like the pipe size and placement.
Taking care of environmental issues and regulatory limitations that
affect the pipelines.
The Roles of Pipeline engineer:
planning the location of depots
stations for maintenance
other installations of accessories that help in the project
 Different Types of Pipelines
Liquid Petroleum Pipelines
Crude Oil Lines
Gathering Lines
Transmission Lines/ Trunk Lines
Refined Product Lines
Highly Volatile Liquids (HVL) Lines
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Lines
Natural Gas Pipelines
Different Types of Pipelines

Liquid Petroleum Pipelines

are used to transport crude oil from
producing fields to refineries, where they are
turned into gasoline, diesel and other
petroleum products.
also used to transport these finished
petroleum products from refineries to
terminals and distribution centers in or nearby
large population centers.

The Crude Oil Delivery Network

Different Types of Pipelines

Crude Oil Lines

Transmission Lines/ Trunk Lines
Long-distance movement; Usually 30-50 inches
in diameter; Usually permanent and laid
underground
Gathering Lines
Bring oil from fields to storage areas before the
oil is processed into refined products or
transmitted as crude oil over trunk lines,
Smaller in diameter than trunk lines; no larger
than 8 inches; Laid above ground and easier
to relocate when well or field runs dry The Crude Oil Delivery Network
Different Types of Pipelines

Refined Product Lines

one that carries refined petroleum products
gasoline, jet fuel, home heating oil and diesel fuel.
vary in size from relatively small, 8 to 12 inch diameter
lines, to much larger ones that go up to 42 inches in
diameter
deliver petroleum products to large fuel terminals
with storage tanks that are then loaded into tanker
trucks

The Crude Oil Delivery Network

Different Types of Pipelines

Highly Volatile Liquids (HVL) Lines and

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Lines
These liquids turn to gas once exposed to the
atmosphere. They include ethane, butane
and propane. Carbon dioxide pipelines allow
carbon dioxide to enhance oil recovery.

The Crude Oil Delivery Network

Different Types of Pipelines

Natural Gas Pipelines

Natural gas, unlike oil, is delivered directly to homes
and businesses through pipelines.
Natural gas can contain natural gas liquids (NGL) when
produced. Processors remove water, NGLs, and
impurities from the natural gas stream to make the
natural qas suitable for sale.
Natural gas and NGLs then travel on separate pipeline
systems. It is determined to be "rich" or "wet" if it
contains signicant natural gas liquids (NGL); by
contrast, natural gas is known to be "lean" or "dry" if it
does not contain these liquids. Natural Gas Delivery Network
Advantages and
Disadvantages of Pipelines
Advantages of Pipelines

Low rates
Good loss and damage record
Pipelines can function as a
warehouse
Mostly unaffected by weather
Mechanical failures are rare
Disadvantages of Pipelines

Slow speed
Fixed route
No door-to-door service
Depend on rail and motor carriers to
deliver
Limited type of commodities
Limited to certain geographic areas
Definition of Power Station
Definition of Power Station

Stations that provide the power to

push the commodities through the
pipeline
Interspersed along trunk line
Station locations vary depending
on viscosity and terrain
Compressors for natural gas;
Pumps for liquid items
Types of Power Station
Types of Power Station

Thermal Power Station

The most conventional method of
generating electric power with reasonably
high efficiency. It uses coal as the primary
fuel to boil the water available to
superheated steam for driving the steam
turbine.
 Types of Power Station

Nuclear Power Station

Similar to the thermal stations in more
ways than one. How ever, the
exception here is that, radioactive
elements like uranium and thorium are
used as the primary fuel in place of
coal. Also in a Nuclear station the
furnace and the boiler are replaced
by the nuclear reactor and the heat
exchanger tubes.
Types of Power Station

Hydro-Electric Power Station

In Hydro-electric plants the energy
of the falling water is utilized to drive
the turbine which in turn runs the
generator to produce electricity.
Sample Power Stations
Overall Project of the Year 2015 and Best natural Gas-
Fired Winner: Warren County Power Station, Front Royal,
Virginia--A joint venture of Zachry and Burns and
McDonnell built the 1,346-MW Warren County Power
Station using a 3-on-1 configuration with Mitsubishi Hitachi
Power Systems Americas 501GAC combustion turbines, a
573-MW steam turbine and Alstom heat recovery steam
generators. The plant also uses a thermal energy storage
system and chillers from DN Tanks and Turbine Air Systems
to reduce water use, store energy and reduce its parasitic
power load during peak demand.
Top Plant: Masinloc Power Station, Zambales Province,
Philippines--In April 2008, AES Philippines purchased the
Masinloc coal-fired power plant in Zambales Province in the
Luzon region. Originally constructed in 1998 as a two-unit,
600-MW plant, the facility uses coal from a variety of sources
in the Pacific Rim. After AES finished overhauling much of its
equipment, the expanded 660-MW (gross) plants
availability increased from 48% to 74%, which enabled net
electricity production to jump by 129% by 2010.
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