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EVEREST COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY AURANGABAD

SEMINAR ON
INTERNATIONAL THERMONUCLEAR EXPERIMENTAL
REACTOR (ITER)

PRESENTED BY
MR.Ibrahim Ansari

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF 1

PROF. Siraj Shaikh


CONTENTS

Introduction
Need for energy

Sources of energy

Fusion

Working

Objective

Members

Timeline

Safety

Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS ITER?
ITER Stands for International Thermonuclear
Experimental Reactor
The World is about to construct the next step in
fusion development, a device called ITER
ITER will demonstrate the scientific and
technological feasibility of fusion energy for
peaceful purposes
ITER will produce 500 MW of fusion power with in
input power of just 50MW
Cost, including R&D, is 10 billion Euros

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NEED OF ENERGY

Energy Consumption will exceed current


available sources
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Shortfall must be supplied by alternate
sources.
WHAT SOURCES DO WE HAVE?
Nuclear Fission
Fossil Fuels

Renewable

Nuclear Fusion

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WHAT IS NUCLEAR FUSION?

oNuclear Fusion is the energy-producing process taking


place in the core of the Sun and stars
The core temperature of the Sun is about
15 million C. At these temperatures hydrogen nuclei fuse to give
Helium and Energy. The energy sustains life on Earth via sunlight
FUSION REACTIONS

Tritium from lithium


Deuterium + Tritium Helium + (a light metal common in the Earths crust)
Energy
Deuterium from water
(0.02% of all hydrogen is heavy hydrogen
This fusion cycle (which has the fastest or deuterium)
reaction rate) is of interest for Energy 7
Production
ADVANTAGES OF FUSION
ENERGY
Abundant energy-1 gram of fusion fuels = 8 tons
of oil
No CO

No long-lived radioactive waste

Limited risk of proliferation

Cost

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WORKING OF ITER

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PLASMA HEATING
We have three heating mechanisms :
Ohmic heating where the current that passes
trough plasma heats it like the a lamp during its
operation
Neutral Beam Injection where neutral particles are
injected inside the reactor and give energy to the
particles via collisions
Radiofrequency Heating where we the plasma in
the same way that we heat our food in a
microwave oven

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ITER DESIGN - MAIN FEATURES

Central Blanket
Solenoid Module
Vacuum Vessel
Outer Intercoil
Structure
Cryostat
Toroidal Field Coil
Port Plug (IC Heating)
Poloidal Field Coil
Divertor

Machine Gravity Supports


Torus Cryopump

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OBJECTIVES
Produce 500 MW of fusion power
Demonstrate the integrated operation of
technologies for a fusion power plant
Achieve a deuterium-tritium plasma in which the
reaction is sustained
Test tritium breeding

Demonstrate the safety characteristics of a fusion


device

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MEMBERS OF ITER
The ITER Project:
ITER Organization & Seven
ITER Members
The 7 ITER Members make
in-cash and in-kind
contributions to the ITER
Project. They have
established Domestic
Agencies
The ITER Organization
manages the ITER Project
in close collaboration with
the 7 Domestic Agencies
The ITER Members share
the intellectual Property

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WHEN WILL ITER START?

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ITERS SAFETY
Except from tritium we do not have any radioactive
materials inside the reactor.
Any second inside the reactor there is less than a
gram of fuel . The reaction can not continue unless
we have fuel.
After keeping in safety the components of the
installation for 100 they are as radioactive as a
plant that produces energy from coal.

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ADVANTAGES
ten times the power it consumes
provide a large-scale energy source with basic fuels

very low global impact on the environment

Operation would not require the transport of radio-


active materials
There is no long-lasting radioactive waste

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DISADVANTAGES

Cost is high
Long implementation time

Intense neutron bombardment may damage the


superconducting magnets

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CONCLUSION
Fusion can be alternative for other Non
conventional sources
Help us to learn more about burning plasma

Fusion can be the answer for our search of clean


and dependable source of energy for future

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