Matter Around Us

Chemical Bonds
Formation of covalent bond

Comparison and contrasting

between formation of ionic
and covalent bond
Types of Covalent Bond

Covalent bond usually occur

between non-metal atom
 Types of Covalent Bond:
Single Bond
A single covalent bond would be the sharing of
two electrons between the two bonded atoms
Example :
Hydrogen [ H-H ] chlorine gas
Chlorine [ ClCl ]
Hydrogen Chloride [ H-Cl ]
Example: Water
Molecule

Electron sharing
 Double Bond
A double covalent bond is two pairs
of electrons being shared
Example :
Oxygen [ O=O ]
Carbon [ C=C ]
Carbonyl [ C=O ]
 Triple Bond
A triple covalent bond is the sharing of
three pairs of electrons.
Example :
triple bond between two Nitrogen atoms
[ NN ]
Triple bond between two
carbon atoms
[ CC ]
Triple bond between a Carbon
and a Nitrogen
[ CN ]
 Comparison of Ionic and Covalent
Compounds
Ionic bond: Covalent bond:
Usually occur between Usually occur between
metal and non-metal non metal and non metal
element element
Including electrons Electrons sharing
transfer from metal to between non-metal and
non-metal non-metal elements
Sharing a pair of
electron
 SUMMARY
IONIC BOND COVALENT BOND
Occur when atom Usually occur between
receive or donate non metal atom.
electron for electron
arrangement of inert Atom sharing a pair of
gas. electron.
3 types of bond:
Single bond Cl-Cl
CHEMICAL BONDS Double bond O=O
Triple bond NN
 Example

The formation of ionic bond between

sodium and chlorine
Covalent bond