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Environment
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Real Assets Versus Financial Assets
1-2
Table 1.1 Balance Sheet of U.S.
Households, 2007
1-3
Table 1.2 Domestic Net Worth
1-4
A Taxonomy of Financial Assets
1-5
Financial Markets and the Economy
Information Role
The Google effect
Consumption Timing
Allocation of Risk
Separation of Ownership and
Management
Agency Issues
1-6
Financial Markets and the
Economy Continued
Corporate Governance and Corporate Ethics
Accounting Scandals
Examples Enron, Rite Aid, HealthSouth
Auditorswatchdogs of the firms
Analyst Scandals
Arthur Andersen
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Tighten the rules of corporate governance
1-7
The Investment Process
Asset allocation
Choice among broad asset classes like
stocks, bonds, real estate, commodities
Security selection
Choice of which securities to hold within
asset class
Security analysis
1-8
Markets are Competitive
Risk-Return Trade-Off (no free lunch)
Efficient Markets: price reflects all info.
Active Management
Finding mispriced securities
Timing the market
Passive Management
No attempt to find undervalued
securities
No attempt to time the market
Holding a highly diversified portfolio
1-9
The Players
Business Firms net borrowers
Households net savers
Governments can be both borrowers and
savers
Financial Intermediaries
Investment Companies; invests mainly in
securities
Banks
Insurance companies
Credit unions
1-10
The Players Continued
1-11
Table 1.3 Balance Sheet of
Commercial Banks, 2007
1-12
Table 1.4 Balance Sheet of Nonfinancial
U.S. Business, 2007
1-13
Recent TrendsGlobalization
1-14
Figure 1.1 Globalization: A Debt Issue
Denominated in Euros
1-15
Recent TrendsSecuritization
1-16
Figure 1.2 Asset-backed Securities
Outstanding
1-17
Recent TrendsFinancial Engineering
1-18
Figure 1.3 Building Creates a Complex
Security
1-19
Figure 1.4 Unbundling of Mortgages into
Principal- and Interest-Only Securities
1-20
Recent TrendsComputer Networks
1-21