APLIKASI BIOKIMIA DL

PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH
 Suspended growth reaction

1. activated sludge
2. biological nutrient removal
3. aerobic digestion
4. anaerobic digestion
5. lagoon
 Attached growth reactor

1. fluidized bed
2. rotating biological contactor
3. trickling filter
4. packed bed
5. anaerobic filter
TIPE REAKTOR u/ pertumbuhan tersuspensi

Ideal : useful for experimental purposes only

CSTR
Plug Flow

Non-ideal : yg banyak ditemui di biochemical

operation
 Ss : Konsentrasi substrat
F : Vol. Flow rate biodegradable
Fw : Vol. flow rate Xb : Konsentrasi biomass
of waste aktif
Ss0 : konsentrasi Xd : konsentrasi biomas
awal substrat yg mati
biodegradable
ISTILAH
HRT = Hydraulic Retention Time () : waktu
tinggal zat2 terlarut (soluble matl) dalam
reaktor
V

F

SRT =Solid Retention Time (): waktu tinggal

padatan dalam reaktor

V
Fw
ISTILAH. . .

MLSS = Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid : campuran

dari biomas dan polutan insoluble
BOD = karakteristik yang menunjukkan jumlah oksigen
terlarut yang diperlukan oleh mikroorganisme (biasanya
bakteri) untuk mengurai atau mendekomposisi bahan
organik dalam kondisi aerobik
COD = jumlah oksigen yang diperlukan untuk mengurai
seluruh bahan organik yang terkandung dalam air secara
kimiawi
DO
ISTILAH. . .

ASM = Activated Sludge Model

AER = Aerobic
CAS = Conventional Activated Sludge
CMAS = Completely Mixed Activated Sludge
RAS = Return Activated Sludge
WAS = Waste Activated Sludge
 ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Merupakan proses pertumbuhan mikroba dlm
bentuk tersuspensi dalam substrat yang bersifat
aerobik
Dapat digunakan untuk mendegradasi zat2 organik
terlarut komplek menjadi ke tingkat yg sederhana
Sangat fleksibel , prosesnya dapat dikontrol dg baik
FAKTOR2 YANG BERPENGARUH:

MLSS is utilized to remove soluble and

particulate organic matter from the influent
waste stream.
Quiescent settling is used to remove MLSS
producing effluent that is low suspended solid
Settled solids are recycled from the clarifier
back to bioreactor
Excess solids are wasted to control SRT to a
desired value.
 WAS

AER

RAS

WAS

TYPICAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS

 Activated sludge plant involves:

1. wastewater aeration in the presence of a

microbial suspension,
2. solid-liquid separation following aeration,
discharge of clarified effluent,
3. wasting of excess biomass, and
4. return of remaining biomass to the aeration
tank.
In activated sludge process wastewater containing
organic matter is aerated in an aeration basin in which
micro-organisms metabolize the suspended and soluble
organic matter.
Part of organic matter is synthesized into new cells and
part is oxidized to CO2 and water to derive energy.
In activated sludge systems the new cells formed in the
reaction are removed from the liquid stream in the form
of a flocculent sludge in settling tanks.
A part of this settled biomass, described as activated
sludge is returned to the aeration tank and the remaining
forms waste or excess sludge.
Activated Sludge Process Variables
The main variables of activated sludge process
are the mixing regime, loading rate, and the
flow scheme.
Generally two types of mixing regimes are of
major interest in activated sludge
process: plug flow and complete mixing.
Activated Sludge Process Variables
Loading Rate
A loading parameter that has been developed
over the years is the hydraulic retention
time (HRT), q, d
q = V
Q
volumetric organic loading which is defined as
the BOD applied per unit volume of aeration
tank, per day.
q= Q (SO - Se)
V X
Activated Sludge Process Variables. . .
mean cell residence time or sludge retention
time (SRT), qc, d
qc = VX
QwXr + (Q-QwXe)
where SO and Se are influent and effluent organic
matter concentration respectively, measured as
BOD5(g/m3), X, Xe and Xr are MLSS concentration
in aeration tank, effluent and return sludge
respectively, and Qw= waste activated sludge rate.
Activated Sludge Process Variables. . .

Flow Scheme
The flow scheme involves:
the pattern of sewage addition
the pattern of sludge return to the aeration tank and
the pattern of aeration.