IMS Signaling System

Part 4
H.248/MeGaCo in IMS
Introduction
Why learn about
H.248/MeGaCo?
Used by IMS control nodes
SGC, MGC, MRFC
Controls media resources
SGC MGC MRFC
BGF, MGW, MRFP (all
functions in the MRS) H.248 H.248 H.248

Media conversion,
pinholeing and merging BGF MGW MRFP
Necessary for MRS
understanding the signaling
in IMS
Scope and Objectives
Scope

H.248 in IMS: SGC BGF, MGC MGW, MRFC MRFP

H.248 Connection Model: Transactions & Contexts
Commands and Descriptors
SIP to PSTN Sessions
Objectives

Describe the main function and usage

of H.248 in IMS
Describe the H.248 Connection Model
List the most common Commands and
Descriptors in IMS
Analyze H.248 signaling between
MGC & MGW
Overview
H.248 / MeGaCo

Where and how its used in IMS

Standardization
Concepts and Terminology:
Terminations, Contexts, Streams,
Commands, Descriptors
IMS to PSTN call scenario
Introduction to H.248
H.248 in IMS

MGC SGC MRFC Control plane

H.248 H.248

MGW BGF MRFP Media plane

H.248 Specifications
GCP (Gateway Control Protocol) Identical MeGaCo
in Recommendation H.248 text for the in RFC3015
by ITU-T specification by IETF
June 2000 November 2000

H.248 & MeGaCo Version 2

in Recommendation H.248.1
by ITU-T
May 2002
H.248 in the MGC/MGW
H.248 in the SBG
H.248 in the MRF
Signaling Sequences
Reservation Through Connect

1. Invite 6. IAM 4. 200 OK 1. ANM

MGC MGC

2. ADD T1 3. ADD T1 Reply 3. MODIFY Reply 2. MODIFY

4. ADD T2 5. ADD T2 Reply
Release

T1 MGW T2 MGW
4. BYE 1. REL
MGC

3. SUBTRACT Reply 2. SUBTRACT

MGW
H.248 Concepts and
terminology
Virtual Media Resources
H.248 Connection Model

Describes the logical entities within the Media Resource

that can be controlled by the Media Control node
Abstractions used in the connection model:
Terminations
Points where one or more media stream(s) are sent/received.
Can be physical (semi-permanent) or ephemeral.
Contexts
An association between a collection of terminations.
All terminations currently not associated with another termination
belong to the null Context.
H.248 Connection Model

Termination types:
Physical, ex. isup1/14/1/19
Ephemeral, ex. mgw/0x0a002000a
H.248 Connection Model
Packages
Additional Properties, Events, Signals and Statistics which
have been defined and grouped for interoperability
Used to accommodate variations in Termination
characteristics
A Termination can support a set of packages
A control node can audit a Termination to determine which
Packages it supports.
H.248 Commands

Add
Subtract
Move
Modify
AuditValue
AuditCapabilities
Notify
ServiceChange
Descriptors
Parameters to a command
Consist of a name and a list of items
General Format:
DescriptorName[=<ID>]{parm=value,parm=value}

Example:
LocalControl{Mode=SendReceive,tdmc/ec = ON}
Examples of Descriptor types
Media Descriptor
Describes the traffic and the Termination state for the media streams
Termination State Descriptor
Describes the current service state of a Termination
Stream Descriptor
The parameters of a single bi-directional stream for the Termination.
Local Control Descriptor
To control the transmission mode of the Streams
Local Descriptor
Characteristics of the traffic of a Received Stream
Remote Descriptor
Characteristics of the traffic of a Transmitted Stream
Events Descriptor
Contains a Request ID and a list of events that the MGW is requested
to detect and report
Media Descriptors
Media {

Stream = 1 {
LocalControl { Mode = SendReceive },

Local {v=0
c=IN IP4 125.125.125.111
m=audio 1111 RTP/AVP 4
a=ptime:30 },

Remote {v=0
c=IN IP4 124.124.124.222
m=audio 2222 RTP/AVP 4
a=ptime:30 }
}
}
Transactions

TRANSACTIONID

ACTION:
CONTEXTID1 COMMAND1 COMMAND2

COMMAND3 COMMAND4

ACTION:
CONTEXTID2 COMMAND1

ACTION:
CONTEXTID3 COMMAND1 COMMAND2

COMMAND3
Transaction Example
MGC to MG1:
MEGACO/1 [123.123.123.4]
Transaction = 10006 {
Context = 2000 {
Modify = isup1/1/2/3 {
Media
{Stream=1{LocalControl{Mode=SendReceive}}
}
},
Modify = 0x0200a002
Media
{Stream=1{LocalControl{Mode=Inactive}}
}
}
}
}

MG1 to MGC:
MEGACO/1 [124.124.124.222]
Reply = 10006 {
Context = 2000 {
Modify = isup1/1/2/3 , Modify = 0x0200a002 }}
Text Encoding of H.248
!/1 [10.59.203.210]
T=2475484 {
C=*{O-AV=port_236{AT{M,E}}},
C=-{O-AV=port_236{AT{M,E}}}
}

MEGACO/1 [10.59.203.210]
Termination=2475484 {
Context =*{LocalControl-AuditValue=port_236 {Audit{Media,Events}}},
Context =-{LocalControl-AuditValue=port_236 {Audit{Media,Events}}}
}
H.248 Signaling
SIP to PSTN Session 1

ISUP
INVITE 4
Tel:+4687191234 MGC Gateway Switch
1 IAM +4687061234
SDP Alice

Context $ Context C1 PSTN

Add T1 Add T1
Add $ Add eph1
3

T1

IP
Alice MGW

Bob
+4687061234
Example Message 2
Internet Protocol, Src: MGC (192.168.3.106), Dst: MGW (192.168.3.84)
SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 [192.168.3.106]
Transaction = 1102 {
Context = $ {
Add = isup1/14/1/1 {
Media {Stream = 1 {LocalControl {Mode: Inactive tdmc/ec = ON}}}
} ,
Add = $ {
Media {
Stream = 1 {
LocalControl {
Mode: SendReceive
Reserve Value: ON
Reserve Group: OFF
} ,
Local {v=0 c=IN IP4 $ m=audio $ RTP/AVP 8 106 a=rtpmap:8
PCMA/8000 a=rtpmap:106 telephone-event/8000
} ,
Remote {v=0 c=IN IP4 147.214.150.92 m=audio 8500 RTP/AVP 8 106
a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000
a=rtpmap:106 telephone-event/8000
}}} ,
Events = 40 {g/cause}
}}}
Example Message 3
Internet Protocol, Src: MGW (192.168.3.84), Dst: MGC (192.168.3.106)
SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 <MGW>
Reply = 1102 {
Context = 33554497 {
Add = isup1/14/1/1,
Add = MGW/0x17020017 {
Media {
Stream = 1 {
LocalControl {
Mode = SendReceive,
ReservedGroup = OFF,
ReservedValue = ON
},
Local {v=0 c=IN IP4 192.168.3.83 m=audio 4140 RTP/AVP 8 106
a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000
a=rtpmap:106 telephone-event/8000
}}}}}}
SIP to PSTN Session 2
Example Messages 6 & 7
Internet Protocol, Src: MGC (192.168.3.106), Dst: MGW (192.168.3.84)
SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 [192.168.3.106]
Transaction = 1103 {
Context = 33554497 {
Modify = isup1/14/1/1 {
Media {
Stream = 1 {
LocalControl {
Mode = ReceiveOnly
}}}}}}

Internet Protocol, Src: MGW (192.168.3.84), Dst: MGC (192.168.3.106)

SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 <MGW>
Reply = 1103 {
Context = 33554497 {
Modify = isup1/14/1/1
}}
SIP to PSTN Session 3
SIP to PSTN Session 4
Example Messages 12 & 13
Internet Protocol, Src: MGC (192.168.3.106), Dst: MGW (192.168.3.84)
SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 [192.168.3.106]
Transaction = 1104 {
Context = 33554497 {
Modify = isup1/14/1/1 {
Media {
Stream = 1 {
LocalControl {
Mode = SendReceive
}}}}}}

Internet Protocol, Src: MGW (192.168.3.84), Dst: MGC (192.168.3.106)

SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 <MGW>
Reply = 1104 {
Context = 33554497 {
Modify = isup1/14/1/1
}}
SIP to PSTN Session 5
Example Messages 16 & 17
Internet Protocol, Src: MGC (192.168.3.106), Dst: MGW (192.168.3.84)
SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 [192.168.3.106]
Transaction = 1105 {
Context = 33554497 {
Subtract = * {
Audit {
}}}}

Internet Protocol, Src: MGW (192.168.3.84), Dst: MGC (192.168.3.106)

SCTP, Src Port: h248 (2944), Dst Port: h248 (2944)
MEGACO
MEGACO/2 <MGW>
Reply = 1105 {
Context = 33554497 {
Subtract = MGW/0x17020017,
Subtract = isup1/14/1/1
}}
Apply your knowledge
Keep Learning about IMS
Signaling
UE-A MGC
Make sure that you also
CSCF-A CS-A PSTN-B
(SC-A) (P-CSCF, (CS-AS) MGW
S-CSCF)
1. INVITE
(URI=PHONE-B,
Auth=Private-A)

know SIP and Diameter 2. 100 Trying

3. INVITE
(URI=PHONE B,
Auth=Private-A)
4. 100 Trying
5. INVITE

Interprete Signaling in IMS

(URI=PHONE B,
P-AS-ID=E.164-A)
6. 100 Trying

7. INVITE (URI=PHONE B, P-AS-ID=E.164-A)

9. IAM

Get some practical

8. 100 Trying
(CdPN=E.164-B,
CngPN=E.164-A)
10. ACM

11. 183 Session Progress

experience 12. 183 Session

Progress

13. 183 Session

Progress
14. 183 Session
15. CPG
Progress

Finish the last module: 17. 180 Ringing

16. 180 Ringing

Signaling flows
18. 180 Ringing
19. 180 Ringing 20. ANM
21. 200 OK

22. 200 OK

23. 200 OK
24. 200 OK

25. ACK

26. ACK

27. ACK

28. ACK

Both Way RTP Media Both Way TDM

summary
H.248 in IMS in Short

Used between the control

plane and the media plane
Connection Model SGC MGC MRFC

Transactions H.248 H.248 H.248

Contexts
Commands and BGF MGW MRFP
Descriptors MRS

IMS to PSTN session

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More Information
Other IMS Signaling e-Learnings:
IMS Architecture
SIP in IMS
Diameter in IMS
IMS Signaling Examples
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