LUNG CANCER

IDENTITY

Name : Calista Demonti

NIM : 30101607626
Faculty : Faculty of Medicine
 Purposes of Presentation
1. To explain definition from lung cancer.
2. To discuss many kind types of lung cancer.
3. To explain the function of lung cancer.
4. To discuss benefits of lung cancer.
5. To explain and discuss about disorder from lung cancer.
6. To give the conclusion for lung cancer.
 Outline Of Presentation
Causes Of
General Overview of TYPES OF
DEFINITION Lung Physiology : Lung
Breathing LUNG
Cancer
CANCER

Medication
SYMPTOMS COMPLICATIONS And CONCLUSION
Prevention
 DEFINITION
Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma is
a malignant lung tumor characterized by
uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung.
General Overview of Lung
Physiology : Breathing
 TYPES OF LUNG CANCER

Two main Types of Lung Cancer:

Small Cell Lung Cancer (20-25% of all lung cancers)
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (most common 80%)
 TYPES OF LUNG CANCER

Small Cell Lung Cancer Non Small Cell Lung Cancer

Spread more quickly and Grows more slowly.

aggressively. Accounts 80%-85% of all
Accounts for 10%-15% of cases.
all cases. NSCLC is the most common
lung cancer.
Found mostly in heavy
smokers. NSCLC has three main types :
1. Squamous cell carcinoma
2. Adenocarcinoma
3. Large cell carcinomas
Small Cell Lung Cancer
 Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adenocacinoma

Large Cell Carcinomas

 Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Accounting for 30-40% of all lung cancers.

More common in males.
Most occur centrally in the large bronchi.
This type of lung cancer most often stays within the lung,
spreads to lymph nodes, and grows quite large, forming a
cavity.
Associated with smoking.
Not easily visualized on xray.
 Adenocacinoma

Most common type of Lung cancer (40-50% of all lung

cancers).
They have a tendency to spread to the lymph nodes and
beyond.
People with this type of lung cancer have a better prognosis
than those with other types of lung cancer.
Clearly defined peripheral lesions.
Can occur in non-smokers especially women.
 Large Cell Carcinomas

Accounting for 10%-15% of all lung cancers.

Poorly differentiated cells
Tends to occur in the outer part (periphery) of lung, invading
sub-segmental bronchi or larger airways
Early metastasis occurs to the kidney, liver organs as well as
the adrenal glands.
Causes Of Lung Cancer
 CAUSES
Smoking Tobacco
Smoking tobacco is one of the biggest causes of lung
cancer. More than 8 out of 10 lung cancers (80%) are caused by
smoking .This includes breathing in other peoples cigarette
smoke.
Exposure to radon gas
Radon gas is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that
comes from tiny amounts of uranium present in all rocks and
soils. Radon gas can build up in homes and other buildings.
Exposure to radon causes around 3 out of 100 lung cancers (3%).
 Chemicals
Some substances increase the risk of lung cancer. These
include asbestos, silica, and diesel exhaust.
Smoking increases the risk from asbestos exposure.
Silica cause a condition known as silicosis, which increases the
risk of lung cancer.
people who are regularly exposed to exhaust fumes have a higher
risk of developing lung cancer.
Air pollution
Air pollution can cause lung cancer. The risk depends on
the levels of air pollution.
 Previous lung disease
Tuberculosis (TB) can make scar tissue form in the lungs.
People who have had TB have double the risk of lung cancer.
Family history of lung cancer
Risk of lung cancer is higher if a close relative (such as a
parent or sibling) has lung cancer.
Lowered immunity
HIV and AIDS lower immunity. People with HIV or
AIDS have an increased risk of lung cancer.
Healthy lung tissue
Diseased Lung Tissue
 SYMPTOMS
There are two types of signs and symptoms of lung
cancer:
1) Localized signs and symptoms involving the lung.
2) Generalized signs and symptoms involves other
areas throughout the body if the cancer has spread.
Localized Signs and Symptoms
Cough
Breathing Problem
Change in phlegm
Lung infection
Hoarseness
Hiccups
Chest Pain and tightness
Horners Syndrome
Pleural Effusion
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Fatigue
 Generalized Signs and Symptoms

Bone pain
Headaches
Abdominal pain
gastrointestinal disturbances (anorexia, cachexia)
jaundice
hepatomegaly
Weight loss
 COMPLICATIONS
Lung cancer can cause complications, such as:
Shortness of breath
People with lung cancer can experience shortness of
breath if cancer grows to block the major airways. Lung cancer
can also cause fluid to accumulate around the lungs, making it
harder for the affected lung to expand fully when you inhale.
Coughing up blood
Lung cancer can cause bleeding in the airway, which can
cause you to cough up blood (hemoptysis).
Pain
Advanced lung cancer that spreads to the lining of a lung
or to another area of the body, such as a bone, can cause pain.
 Medication And Prevention
A. Medication

DRUG NAME HERBAL MEDICINE

CISPLATIN SOURSOP LEAF
LOMUSTINE BLUSHWOOD BERRY
GEMCITABINE TAMARUS RATS
METHOTREXATE OLIVES
DOXORUBICIN POMEGRANATE
MECLORETAMINE MANGOSTEEN
PEMETREXED BLUEBERRY
B. Prevention

1. Targeted at people who survived a cancer

disease
2. Assists them to retain an optimal level of
functioning regardless of their potential
debilitating disease
3. Aim is to early diagnose high risk populations
via screening MRI, CT scans
4. Eat vegetables and fruits because they contain
antioxidants
5. Giving knowledge about lung cancer
 CONCLUSION
Lung cancer is one of the most dangerous
diseases for humans. If this cancer has
attacked humans, then lung function will be
disrupted. As a result can cause death, this
happens because the lungs can not receive or
release oxygen normally. Steer clear of the
habit of smoking and consuming many fruits
that contain high antioxidants are some
preventive measures that can be done. Love
your lung, because better to prevent than to
cure.