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Worksheet 1
 Sounds

When you speak or read,

you use sounds.
 Phonics
When you read, the sounds are
represented by 26 letters of the
alphabet. Associating sounds with
letters of the alphabet is called
phonics.
 Lets Sing!
A-M N-Z

A-M N-Z
Its more FUN!
 Letter Names

Each of the 26 alphabet letters has a capital and a

lower case form. The two forms for each of the 26
letters are shown below.

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii
Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr
Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
 Words
When letter sounds are put together, they
become words. For example, putting together
the sounds of the letters C, A, and T, spells the
word CAT.
C + A + T = CAT cat

M + U + G = MUG mug
 Letter Position
A letter can be in different positions in a word. Click
on the three words below that have the letter A in
different positions.

ape

cat

zebra
 Two Letter Types
There are two types of letters in
the alphabet: consonants and
vowels. The basic difference is
how the sound is produced
through the mouth.
 Consonants
When sounding consonants, air flow is
interrupted or limited by the position of the
tongue, teeth or lips.

The majority of letters in the alphabet are

consonant letters. Most consonant letters have
only one sound and rarely sound like their name.
b c d f g h j k
l m n p q r s
t v w x y z
 B C
boy Hard C
car

bear candle
music

ribs Soft C (sound like s )

centipede
gibbon scent
cyclops
 D F
duck flower

deer fish

lad fluff

ladder sofa
 G H
Hard g hat
goat
logs home
Soft g (sound like j )
giant
high
gingerbread
Silent g
fetch
gnaw
gnome
 J K
jacket hard k
kittens

jumping like
kick
jaguar silent k
knot
major knight
knock
 L M
lion man

love monkey

tailor lemons

tall elm
 N P
nuts pumpkin

nose pink

money paper

fan map
 Q R
quicksand fingers

quilt ring

queen railroad

liquid surfer
 S T
sock tiger

sale tomato

test tutor

birds theft
 V W
vacuum woman

volleyball whale

woven tower

love tow
 X Y
xylophone yarn

Xerox yellow

x-ray yell

examine
 Z
zoo

zebra

breeze

squeeze
 Vowels
When sounding vowels, your breath flows
freely through the mouth.
Five of the 26 alphabet letters are
vowels: a, e, i, o, and u. The letter y is
sometimes considered a sixth vowel because
it can sound like other vowels.
Unlike consonants, each of the vowel letters
has more than one type of sound or can even
be silent with no sound at all.
 Long and Short Vowels
When a vowel sounds like its name, this is
called a long sound. A vowel letter can also
have short sounds. Whether a vowel has a
long sound, a short sound, or remains silent,
depends on its position in a word and the
letters around it.

a e i o u
 a
Long a Short a

ape apple

lake axe

gate sack
 e
Long e Short e

eat echo

eel nest

feet edge
 i
Long i Short i

iceberg insect

kite bird

bite panic
 o
Long o Short o

oak mop

lonely off

potatoes ostrich
 u
Long u Short u

ukelele under

UFO up

united ugly
 Vowel Y
The letter Y is sometimes considered a
vowel because it can sound like the vowel
letters A, E, or I depending on the letters
around it or whether the letter Y is at the
middle or end of a word.

Example:
Middle Y symbols
Ending Y cry
 Middle Y
rhyme

thyme

symbols

cymbals
 Ending Y
Ending Y, like long A Ending Y, like long I
gray cry

pay fry

Ending Y, like long E

celery

ugly
 More Vowel Rules
Example: Example:
4.
1.
One Vowel Not at the net Two Different Vowels rain
End of a Word Together in a Word
(Also known as : diphthong)

2. 5.
One Vowel at the go One Vowel Followed by pull
End of a Word Two Same Consonants
6.
3.
Double Same Vowels peek
Two Vowels in a Word gate (Also known as: long vowel)
Ending With the Vowel 'E 7.
(Also known as : magic E, silent E) Double 'O' Vowel book
 One Vowel Not at the
End of a Word

ant

When there is only one

vowel in a word and it is sun
anywhere except at the
end of a word, it usually
has a short sound. pins

net
 One Vowel at the
End of a Word

she

Where there is only one

vowel and it comes at the he
end of the word, it usually
has a long sound.
no

go
 Two Vowels in a Word
Ending With the Vowel 'E'

wake

When there are two or

more vowels and the file
word ends with the vowel
'E', two things happen. gate
The ending vowel 'E' is
silent, and the vowel that
hole
comes before it has a
long sound.
flute
 Two Different Vowels
Together in a Word

rain

When two vowel letters

are together, the first tied
vowel letter has a long
sound and the second
seal
vowel letter is silent.

float
Two Different Vowels Together in a Word
(Lets Sing!)

You can find more resources from:

http://www.starfall.com/n/level-a/learn-to-read/load.htm?f
 One Vowel Followed by
Two Same Consonants

dinner
When a word has a
vowel followed by two simmer
of the same consonants
in a row (called a
double consonant), a summer
short sound is used for
the vowel.
pull /pl/
 Double Same Vowels

peek
When a word has two of
the same vowels in a greet
row (called a double
vowel), pronounce them
as one vowel, using the vacuum
long sound. This rule
does not apply when 'O'
is the double vowel.
 Double 'O' Vowel
pool /pu:l/

fool /fu:l/
When 'O' is a double
vowel, it makes different
wood /wd/
sounds.

book /bk/

door /d:/

poor /p:/
 Letter Blends
Certain combinations of two or more consonant
letters are called letter blends. Letter blends
appear in the beginning or at the end of words to
create specific sounds.
In letter blends you can hear the sound of each
letter. If the letters make a single sound they are
called digraphs. Additionally, we have added
other common letter combinations that include
vowels.
Click on the following letter combinations to hear
their sounds: (**please make sure it connects to the internet**)
 able ex lp pr th
augh fl lt psy thr
bl fr ly pt tien
br ft ment re tion
ch ful mis sc tr
ci gh mp sh ture
cial gl nce shr tw
cian gr nch sk un
ck in nd sl wh
cl ing ng sm wr
cr ious nk sn
ct kn nse sp Find more
dge ld nt spr examples on
http://www.abcfas
dis le ough st tphonics.com/lette
r-blends.html
dr lf over str
dw lk ph sw
ed lm pl tch
 Common Words
(Also known as: Sight Words / High Frequency Words/ Dolch Words)

Certain words are used again and again. These

are common words that may or may not follow
phonics rules. Below are five sets of common
words to practice.

Click to Practice the Sets:

SET SET SET SET SET

1 2 3 4 5
 Practice Set 1
a again of
at do for
am does be
and done been
any is the
are
 Practice Set 2
can us were
come who use
he you to
she your two
me was too
I
 Practice Set 3
here could they
have would them
has should their
had enough there
whole though where
 Practice Set 4
go make run
get many said
give no say
gone know son
made not sun
 Practice Set 5
eye man only
keep move put
live none some
like one stop
love once very
Do you know how to teach the
letter sound (phonics)?