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babrac@wm.edu
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www.psychoeducational.com
Author
Phone: 404-712-9829
Fax: 404-712-9809
Email: khowell@emory.edu
Multifaceted Nature
of Adjustment
Multidimensional, context-dependent
ACADEMIC
model of adjustment, with six primary
life domains:
FAMILY SOCIAL
Three intra-personal domains
Affect GLOBAL
Competence ADJUSTMENT
Physical
Social
COMPETENCE
Academic
Family
Developmental Nature
of Adjustment
Adjustment
becomes
increasingly
differentiated
with age
Life domains
differentiate
as a function
of exposure to
different contexts
Triangulation:
Multi-source, Multiple
Context Assessment
Other Sources
- Direct Observation
- Indirect Approaches
(e.g., Projective Techniques)
- Background Information
- Self Statements
Psychosocial
Adjustment
Third-Party Report
Self-Report - Clinical Assessment of
- CAD Behavior (CAB)
- RADS - DSMD
- BDI - BASC
Constructing the CAD:
A Multidimensional,
Multi-Step, Multi-Year Process
Depression
2. Anxiety/Worry (AW)
11 items - - increased anxiety, worry, fear, and related
symptoms
Four Clinical Scales
1. Hopelessness
5 items - - sense that current conditions are
permanent and with no promise for improvement,
extreme unhappiness, having given up on the future,
and inability to continue the current level of suffering
2. Self-Devaluation
5 items - - sense of self-loathing, failure, extreme
loneliness, and loss of personal meaning
3. Sleep/Fatigue
3 items - - feelings of fatigue, lack of energy, and
desire to do little other than sleep
Six Critical Item
Clusters
4. Failure
3 items - - sense of limited personal competence or
an overwhelming sense of failure
5. Worry
3 items - - feelings of generalized worry and worry
that bad things may happen
6. Nervous
3 items - - feelings of anxiety, nervousness, and
limited ability to relax
CAD
Theoretical Structure
Internal Consistency
by Age
Internal Consistency
by Age
Internal Consistency
by Age
Internal Consistency
by Age
Internal Consistency
by Gender
Internal Consistency
by Race/Ethnicity
Internal Consistency
by Race/Ethnicity
Internal Consistency
by Race/Ethnicity
Internal Consistency
by Race/Ethnicity
Internal Consistency
Clinical Sample
Test-Retest Stability
Test-Retest Stability
Test-Retest Stability
CAD, BDI-II and RADS
Concurrent Validity
CAD, BDI-II and RADS
Concurrent Validity
Disordered Youth and
Adults Corresponding Scales
Groups of disordered
youth and adults perform
in mild critical range on
appropriate scales
Major Depression n = 48
Dysthymia n = 33
59 = Normal Range
60-69 = Mild Clinical Risk
70-79 = Significant Clinical Risk
80 = Very Significant Clinical Risk