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Accounting for
Branches
Combined Financial
Statements
McGrawHill/Irwin TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.2006
Scope of Chapter
2
Branches & Divisions
3
Branches & Divisions
4
Branches & Divisions
5
Branches & Divisions
6
Branches & Divisions
7
Start-up Costs of Opening New
Branches
9
Start-up Costs of Opening New
Branches
10
Accounting System For A Branch
Business enterprise with branches may provide for a
complete set of accounting records at each branch.
Branch may maintain a complete set of accounting records
consisting of:
Journals
Ledgers
Chart of accounts
11
Accounting System For A Branch
Branches may keep all accounting records in the home
office and have the branch submit daily reports and
business documents to the home office,
Home office would then enter all transactions by
branches in computerized accounting records.
In this case, home office may not even conduct
operations of its own; it may serve only as an
accounting and control center for the branches.
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Accounting System For A Branch
13
Accounting System For A Branch
14
Accounting System For A Branch
15
Accounting System For A Branch
Reciprocal Ledger Accounts /(Home office/Investment
in Branch)
Expenses Incurred By Home Office And Allocated To
Branches
Alternative Method Of Billing Merchandise Shipments
To Branches
Separate Financial Statements For Branch And For
Home Office
Combined Financial Statements For Home Office and
Branch
16
Accounting System For A Branch
17
Reciprocal Ledger Accounts
Accounting records maintained by a branch include a
Home Office ledger account
This account reflects all activity between the branch
and home office
Home office is credited for all merchandise, cash or
other assets provided by the home office;
Home office is debited for all cash, merchandise, or
other assets sent by the branch to the home office or
the other branches.
18
Reciprocal Ledger Accounts
Home office account is a quasi-ownership equity
account that shows the net investment by the Home
Office in the branch.
End of an accounting period when the branch closes its
accounting records, the Income Summary account is
closed to the Home Office account.
Net income increases the credit balance of the Home
Office account; a net loss decreases (debit) this
balance.
19
Reciprocal Ledger Accounts
In the home office accounting records, a reciprocal
ledger account with a title such as Investment in
Branch is maintained.
Investment in Branch is non-current asset account
Debited for cash merchandise, and services provided
to the branch, and for the net income reported by the
branch.
Credited for the cash or other assets received from the
branch, and for net losses reported by the branch.
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Reciprocal Ledger Accounts
21
Expenses Incurred By Home Office
And Allocated To Branches
22
Expenses Incurred By Home Office
And Allocated To Branches
23
Expenses Incurred By Home Office
And Allocated To Branches
24
Expenses Incurred By Home Office
And Allocated To Branches
25
Illustration 1
26
Illustration 1
Home Office Accounting Records Branch Accounting Records
Journal Entries Journal Entries
28
Separate Financial Statements for
Branch & Home Office
29
Separate Financial Statements for
Branch & Home Office
The branch balance sheet will have Home Office
Ledger Account instead of Ownership Equity Account.
The separate financial statements prepared by branch
will be revised by home office to include expenses
incurred by the home office for branch and to show the
results of branch operations after elimination of any
intra-company profits on merchandise shipments.
Separate financial statements also may be prepared
for the home office so that the results of its operations
and its financial position can be appraised.
30
Combined Financial Statements For
Home Office And Branches
31
Combined Financial Statements For
Home Office And Branches
32
Combined Financial Statements For
Home Office And Branches
33
Combined Financial Statements For
Home Office And Branches
34
Working Paper for
Combined Financial Statements
35
Working Paper for
Combined Financial Statements
36
Illustration 2
SBH COMPANY
Working Paper for Combined Financial Statements of Home Office and Branch
For Year Ended December 31, 2002
(Perpetual Inventory System: Billings at Cost)
Balance Sheet
Cash 25,000 5,000 30,000
Trade accounts receivable (net) 39,000 18,000 57,000
Inventories 45,000 15,000 60,000
Investment in Branch 26,000 (26,000)
Equipment 150,000 150,000
Accumulated depreciation of equipment (10,000) (10,000)
Trade accounts payable (20,000) (20,000)
Home office (26,000) 26,000
Common stock, $ 10 par (150,000) (150,000)
Retained earnings (from statement of retained
earnings above) (117,000)
Totals 0 0 0 0
37
Illustration 3
38
Illustration 3
SBH COMPANY
Working Paper for Combined Financial Statements of Home Office and Branch
For Year Ended December 31, 2002
(Perpetual Inventory System: Billings above Cost)
Balance Sheet
Cash 25,000 5,000 30,000
Trade accounts receivable (net) 39,000 18,000 57,000
Inventories 45,000 22,500 (7,500) 60,000
Investment in Branch 56,000 (56,000) 0
Allowance for Overvaluation of Inventories:
Branch (30,000) 30,000
Equipment 150,000 150,000
Accumulated depreciation of equipment (10,000) (10,000)
Trade accounts payable (20,000) (20,000)
Home office (56,000) 56,000 0
Common stock, $ 10 par (150,000) (150,000)
40
Reconciliation of
Reciprocal Ledger Accounts
Balance of the Investment in Branch ledger account on
the accounting records of the home office may not
agree with the balance of the Home Office on the
branch books
Main reason certain transactions may have been
recorded by one set of books office but not by the
other.
At the end of each period the reciprocal account
balances must be brought into agreement before
combined financial statements are prepared.
41
Transactions Between Branches
42
Transactions Between Branches
43