COUNTRY REPORT IN

INDONESIA

Presented by :

T IARA
..
CONTENTS
PART I : HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
PART II : GENERAL PROFILE
PART II : HEALTH RELATED BACKGROUND
PART IV : NURSING DEVELOPMENT
PART V : LESSON LEARNED

2
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
 GEOGRAPHY
Indonesia, with over 18,000 counted islands
almost 2 million square kilometers between Asia and
Australia
Strategically positioned between the Pacific and Indian
oceans
the larger islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan (which
comprises two-thirds of the island of Borneo), Sulawesi,
and Irian Jaya
Positioned on the Equator, across a region of immense
volcanic activity, Indonesia has some 400 volcanoes
within its borders, with at least 90 still active in some
way.
Located along the Ring of Fire Indonesia has about 400
volcanoes within its borders,with at least 90 still active
in some way
The most active volcanoes are Kelut (which has erupted
more than 30 times since 1000 AD), Merapi (which has
erupted more than 80 times since 1000 AD) on Java
island and anak krakatou on sumatera
 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE
LANGUAGE :
Indonesian, a form of
Malay language
ETNIC GROUP :
There are hundred of
ethnic group in the
country. Javanese
40.6%, Sundanese 15%,
Madurese 3.3%,
Minangkabau 2.7%,
Betawi 2.4%, Bugis
2.4%, Banten 2%, Banjar
1.7%, other or
unspecified 29.9% (2000
census)
 RELIGION

Muslim (80.3%), Budhist (0.3%),

Cristen (16%), Chenese (0.5%)
Hindhu (1.9%), Animisme 0,1%
 Cultural Profile
Customs in Everyday Life
Food and Diet
Hot and spicy dishes will often be
served with crunchy peanuts or
krupuk (crispy crackers), or a
contrasting flavour
Health and Illness
Jamu is the traditional form of
Indonesian herbal medicine
 AEC
(Asean Economic Community)

By the end of 2011, its Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

(in purchasing power parity terms) was $1,123.5
billion
Its economic performance is bolstered by a young labor
force, ample natural endowments, a growing middle
class, a large domestic market, and relatively stable
financial institutions.
 PART III
HEALTH RELATED BACKGROUND

INFANT MORTALITY RATE

MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE
 The Number of primary
health care unit in 2009
2013

Source : data center dan information and ministry of health 2014

Ratio Of Puskesmas Per 30.000
Populations 2009-2013
The number of puskesmas inpatient
and outpatient 2009-2013

Source : data center dan information and ministry of health 2014

 The Development Of The Number Of Hospital
According To Ownership In Indonesia 2009-2010

Source : Ditjen Bina Upaya Kesehatan, Kemenkes RI, 2014

The Development Of The Total A Public Hospital And
Private Hospital In Indonesia 2009-2013

source: Ditjen Bina Upaya Kesehatan, Kemenkes RI, 2013

 Ratio The Number Of Bed In Hospital Per 1000
Populations In Indonesia 2009-2013

source: Ditjen Bina Upaya Kesehatan, Kemenkes RI, 2013

 HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PROFILE
January 1st 2014 Indonesia took a large step forward in its
attempt to achieve universal healthcare coverage (UHC) by
unifying various public insurance schemes under a single
social security agencythe Social Security Management
Agency for the Health Sector (BPJS Kesehatan),
tasked with the implementation of the National Health Insurance
Programme..
 The indonesian
Governments proposed
timeplan forUHC
JOKOWI CARDS
 Health insurance systems
in Indonesia since 2008- 2015
Regional comparisons for healthcare infrastructure
and healthcare expenditure per capita
 The Current Health Policy Baseline for
Health Financing Reform:
System Strengths
The country has favorable demographic circumstances with
dependency ratios falling over the next 30 years
There are high educational and literacy levels
The government is committed to reform
Health spending levels are not excessive
The country achieves reasonable health outcomes, financial
protection and consumer satisfaction
There is substantial experience with health insurance
programs
There is an extensive primary care delivery system
Pharmaceuticals are generally available
 The Current Health Policy Baseline for
Health Financing Reform:
System Challenges
Half the population lacks health insurance coverage
Health financing and delivery systems are highly fragmented
Human and physical infrastructures are limited and face quality and
efficiency problems
Salary and capital subsidies to public health providers preclude the
development of a level playing field for both public and private providers
to compete on the basis of price
Critical data for decision making are lacking, including national and
subnational health accounts, detailed information on the numbers, risk
profiles of the insured and the uninsured, and unit cost information
Design features of the Jamsostek and Askes programs result in high OOP
costs for program beneficiaries and limit operational effectiveness and
sustainability
 Focus on MDG 5:
Reducing Maternal Death
At least 10,000 women continue to die of childbirth-related
causes every year in Indonesia.
Even though skilled birth attendance has increased
significantly, more needs to be done to accelerate a reduction
in deaths and achieve MDG5.
A large number of women continue to deliver at home
without professional help.
High levels of uncertainty about medical expenses continue to
delay the decision to seek care at a facility.
Even when women reach a facility on time, quality of
management is poor and death rates at facilities remain high,
especially, but not only, in poor areas.
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