Optical Current Transformer

And Its Applications

Presented by
GANESH P. MANKAR
Guided by
Prof. A. R. Varma Sir
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
PROF RAM MEGHE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGNMENT-
BATCH(2017-18)
 CONTENTS
o INTRODUCTION
o CONVENTIONAL CURRENT TRANSFORMER
o OPTICAL CURRENT TRANSFORMER
o DIFFERENTS TYPES OF OCT
o WHAT IS MOCT ?
o COMPONENTS OF MOCT
o WORKING PRINCIPLE
o DESIGN OF MOCT
o STANDARD FEATURE OF OCT
o ADVANTAGES
o DISADVANTAGES
o APPLICATION
o CONCLUSION
o REFERENCE
 INTRODUCTION

o An accurate electric current transducer is a key component of

any power system instrumentation.

o OCTs defined as sensor that directly or indirectly use optical

sensing method to measure electric currents.

o OCTs offer better accuracy compare to conventional magnetic

current transformer.
 CONVENTIONAL CURRENT
TRANSFORMER
o The most used device for the measurement of alternating
current.

o The most of the construction consists of a ferromagnetic

core entirely enclosing the conductor.

o The secondary winding has to be isolated from high

voltages to prevent short circuit.
 OPTICAL CURRENT
TRANSFORMER

o Optical current transformer are the current sensor which

worked on the magneto optic effect.

o These work by measure the current as well as the angle of

rotation of polarized beam of light.

o OCT is offer high accuracy, low weight, easy installation

and no saturation.
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF OCTS

o Based on FARADAY EFFECT (MOCT)

o Based on Interferromagnetic principle.

o Based on Bragg Grating.

o Based on Micromechanical sensor with optical readout.

 WHAT IS MOCT?
Magneto optical current transformer
is an instrument transformer , using
the angle of linear polarized light to
measure the current.

MOCT is based on FARADAY

EFFECT.

MOCTs are another type of

transducers, which are highly immune
to EMI.

In the sensors several properties of the

signal carrier can be influenced.
 COMPONENTS OF MOCT

o Sensor head located near the

current carrying conductor.

o Optoelectronics (OE) module.

o Fiber optical cables linking these

two parts.
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
Magnetic optical current transformer is based on the
Faradays effect the orientation of linearly polarized light
was rotated under the influence of the magnetic field when
the light propagated in a piece of glass , and the rotation
angle was proportional to the intensity of the magnetic
field.
 o By consider this property , mathematical Faraday
equation is given by

=VHL

o =Rotation angle of the plane of

polarization.
o =permeability of material.
o V=Verdet constant.
o L=length of beam.
o H=Field constant.
oThe Faraday effect outlined in equation is a better format to
apply to an MOCT , because the rotation angle in this case is
directly related to the enclosed electric current.
 Magnetic
Field
45

Output
Channel-1
Input
Polarizer Magneto-optical Analyzer
Material

P1=(1+SIN2)PO/2
P2=(1-SIN2)PO/2
PO: optical power from the light source ,
= the Faraday rotation angle,
P1 and p2: optical power delivered by the
detectors.
 DESIGN OF MOCT

o The polarization
compensation technique is
applied at each corner of the
prisms, so that the light passing
through the prism remains
linearly polarized.

o The optical current sensor

consists of two separate clamp
on parts and linearly polarized
light is arranged to pass
through the optical glass prism
to pickup the Faraday rotation
signal.
 MAGNETO- OPTICAL SENSOR

o Magneto optical current sensor

is used to reduce the signal noise.

o Magneto optical current sensor

is used in high voltage substation ,
due to their superior accuracy
,bandwidth.

o MOCT made out of SF-57 glass

materials can achieve higher
sensitivity.
 STANDARD FEATURE OF OPTICAL
CTS

o Voltage
o Environment safe.
o Wide dynamic range
o Galvanic separations
o Sensor is fully passive system
o Ambient temperature
 ADVANTAGES

o No risks of fires and explosions.

o High immunity to EMI.

o Wide frequency response.

o Low voltage output compatible with the input of D. to A .

converters.

o Environmentally safe
 DISADVANTAGES

o Temperature and stress induced in sensing material causes error

and instability.

o It require optical test equipment.

 APPLICATION
o Magnetic OCT is design to operate in a transparent manner
with Modern electronics meter and digital relay

o Accurate measurement of fault current.

o Most suited for outdoor type application.

o Makes the output signal insensitive to shocks and vibration.

 CONCLUSION

o This optical current transformer eliminates many of the

drawbacks of the conventional current transformers.

o In an conventional current transformer , there is a chance of

saturation of magnetic field under high current , complicated
insulation and cooling structure a chance of electro magnetic
interference.
 REFERENCE

oExperimental comparison of Conventional and optical current

transformer. IEEE transactions on power delivery , vol. 4
October 2010
George G karady.
oJournal of world Electrical Engineering and Technology
Omid Alavi science line publication, 25 April 2015.
oInterfacing Optical Current Sensor in a substation ,J. D. P.
Hrabliuk ,IEEE , V5M IZ4
oMagneto Optical Current Transformer Technology (MOCT) ,
Attish Jain IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering (IOSR-JEE), Volume 12
THANK YOU