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Contents

Gear
Types of Gears
Gear Terminology
Overview

Gear is a Mechanical Device that transfer the

Rotating and Power from one part/shaft to an
other.
Gears are used to change
Direction of Shaft Rotation
Shaft Speed
Shaft Torque
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Types of Gears

1: According to the position of Axes of the

shafts.
a. Parallel
i:Spur Gear
ii: Helical Gear
b: Intersecting
Bevel Gear
c: Non-intersecting and Non-parallel
Worm Gear
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SPUR Gear

Are used in transmitting torque between parallel shafts

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Helical Gear

Are used in transmitting torques between parallel or

non parallel shafts.
They are not as noisy as spur gears
 BEVEL Gear

Are used to transmit rotary motion between

intersecting shafts
Teeth are formed on conical surfaces, the
teeth could be straight or spiral.
 WORM Gear

Are used for transmitting motion between non

parallel and non intersecting shafts

Are used when large

gear reductions are
needed.
Terminology for spur Gears
 Addendum & Dedendum

1. Addendum :- It is the radial

distance of a tooth from the
pitch circle to the top of the
tooth.
2. Dedendum :- It is the radial
distance of a tooth from the
pitch circle to the bottom of
the tooth.
Pitch circle

It is imaginary circle which by pure rolling action would

give the same motion as the actual Gear.
Pitch Circle diameter

It is the diameter of the pitch circle. The size of gear is

usually specified by pitch circle diameter. It is also called
as pitch diameter.
Pitch Point

It is a common point of contact between two pitch circles.

 Circular Pitch

The distance measured on the circumference of the pitch

circle from the a point of one tooth to the corresponding
point on the next tooth. It is usually denoted by pc.
Pc = D1 /T1 + D2 / T2
 Diametral Pitch

It is the ratio of number of teeth to the pitch circle

diameter in millimeters

It is denoted by Pd

Diametral Pitch

Pd = T/D
Where T = Number of teeth and
D = Pitch Circle Diameter
Module

It is the ratio of the pitch circle diameter in

millimeters to the number of teeth. It is
Usually denoted by m.

Mathematically,

m=D/T
 Clearance

It is radial Distance from the top of the tooth to the

bottom of the tooth in a meshing gear
Total Depth

It is the radial distance between the addendum and the

dedendum circle of a gear. It is equal to the sum of the
addendum and dedendum .
Working Depth

It is radial distance from the addendum circle

to the clearance circle.
It is equal to the sum of the addendum of the
two meshing gear.
Tooth Space & Thickness

Tooth Space :-
It is the width of space between two adjacent
teeth measured along the pitch circle.
Tooth Thickness :-
It is the width of tooth measured along the pitch
circle.
Backlash

It is difference between the tooth space and tooth

thickness as measured on the pitch circle.
Face of tooth :-
It is the surface of the tooth above pitch surface.

Top Land :-
It is the surface of the top of the tooth.

Flank of the tooth :-

It is the surface of the tooth below the pitch surface.