Transmission Distribution

Interface bottlenecks and

strategies for improved grid
Stability
By
Engr. A.S.A Bada
CEO (TCN)
 GRID INTERFACE BOTTLENECKS
Major Causes include:
Radial state of network
Spatial network coverage
Transformer Capacity Constraints
Line Capacity Constraints
Switchgear Conditions
Grid indiscipline
Distribution network Conditions
Frequent trippings/Persistent faults
 STATE OF NETWORK
Radial State of network
Steps Taken: NIPP presently constructing the
closing of the loop to Jos with a DC 330KV line
Spatial Network Coverage
Steps Taken: 26No. Lines and Substation projects
awarded in 2010 and 18No. Lines and Substation
projects to be awarded before the end of this year
(4 New substations to be constructed in the North
Eastern part and 5 New Substations in the NW )
 Transformer Capacity Constraints
Steps Taken: On-going Capacity Strengthening Projects

Stations Added Capacity

1 Birnin Kebbi 330KV 150MVA
2 Kumbotso 330KV 150MVA
3 Ayede 330KV 150MVA
4 Onitsha 330KV 150MVA
5 Afam 330KV 150MVA
6 Kantagora 60MVA
7 Sokoto 60MVA
8 Birnin Kebbi 60MVA
9 Funtua 60MVA
10 Katsina 60MVA
11 Onitsha 40MVA
 ON-GOING CAPACITY STRENGTHENING
PROJECTS...............Ctd
Stations Added Capacity
12 Akure 30MVA
13 Ukpilla 30MVA
14 Amukpe 30MVA
15 Delta 60MVA
16 Ajaokuta 60MVA
17 New Haven 60MVA
18 Akwanga 40MVA
19 G.C.M. 15MVA
20 Hadejia 60MVA
21 Bauchi 60MVA
22 Akangba 60MVA
ON-GOING CAPACITY STRENGTHENING
PROJECTS...............Ctd
TCN expects delivery of Power
Transformers from 1st quarter of 2012
4No. 300MVA 330/132KV Transformers
5No. 150MVA 330/132KV Transformers
10No. 100MVA 132/33KV Transformers
10No. 60MVA 132/33KV Transformers
 LINE CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS
Steps Taken:
Gombe Yola 330kV line has been energized
2nd Benin Ajaokuta 330kV line has finally
been rehabilitated
3rd Benin Onitsha DC 330kV line to be
commissioned soon
Re-conductoring of weak and old lines (e.g
Aba Itu, Itu Calabar , Afam PH, Delta
Effurun, Ota - Papalanto) with higher thermal
capacity conductors are in various stages.
 OUTCOME OF STRATEGY MEETINGS
# Drop down Sub. By WBank Source Line
1 330/132KV Substation at Ogijo Egbin IkejaWest
(Ikorodu) 330KV Line
2 330/132KV Substation at Epe Omotosho Aja Line
3 330/132KV Substation at New Kaduna Kano 330KV
Kano line
4 132/33KV Substation at Choba - Omoku PH Mains
PH Line
5 132/33KV Substation at New Haven Orji Line
Awkunanu - Enugu
6 132/33KV Substation at Kaltugo Gombe Yola Line
 URGENT CONCERNS
Too frequent 33KV
trippings
Inadequate notification
of expansion projects
 33KV TRIPPINGS FOR NOV. WK 1
# TOTAL ENERGY
TOTAL NUMBER
DISTRIBUTION ZONES Undelivered
OF TRIPPINGS
(MWH)
1 ABUJA 126 1,628.95
2 BENIN 125 4,674.39
3 EKO 55 4,405.25
4 ENUGU 208 15,261.96
5 IBADAN 191 4,305.78
6 IKEJA 43 3,289.8
7 JOS 71 1,385.12
8 KADUNA 107 758.74
9 KANO 46 558.04
10 PH 121 4,201.89
11 YOLA 63 533.66
 MITIGATION STRATIGIES FROM
DISCOs
Submission of accurate data on customer
population and installed capacity (MVA)
De-loading of 33KV Feeders through
network expansion
Explore use of lattice towers for long 33KV
Lines
Due to inadequate generation power
should be given to some feeders then
transferred to the others over time RATHER
THAN pro-lateral sharing of power on all
the feeders at the same time
 MITIGATION STRATIGIES FROM
DISCOs
Adherence to operational instructions
Gradual phase out of wooden cross
arms with fibre
Movement of load on designated under
frequency relays should henceforth stop
Disciplinary actions should be meted
out on erring staffs
 MITIGATION STRATIGIES FROM
DISCOs.......
Supervising operators should
henceforth be alive to their
responsibilities
Issuance of a circular from their
respective CEOs demanding strict
adherence to operational
instructions
Further Key Transmission Grid Challenges
Due to urbanization and environmental
issues, it is becoming increasing difficult
to acquire Right- Of-Way for new lines
Increased power demand due to growth
in industries and population
Vandalization of transmission lines
Adverse Weather Conditions
Poor power quality
Transmission grid upgrades cannot keep
pace with power demand
 STRATEGIES
- Work is on-going on grid expansion.
- Significant Investment is being made to effectively
double existing capacity through the NIPP
intervention
- Line trace issues (mitigation against frequent line
trips) have been taken more seriously with focus on
contracting companies with requisite tools to work on
difficult terrains
- Frequency stability has been largely achieved with
some units in Delta, Kainji and Egbin providing
frequency support in form of reserve margins
- Deployment of FACTS facility at strategic node of the
network (e.g Kano, Gombe)
- Work has commenced in deploying the Supergrid
network
330KV GRID STRUCTURE AFTER COMPLETION OF ALL ON-GOING
PROJECTS
REPUBLIC
2015 : new
Niamey OF
SOKOTO NIGER CHAD
Sokoto
Katsina
132 kV

2015 : new
Hadejia YOBE
JIGAWA
Birnin Gusau BORNO
Kebbi

KATSINA Damaturu

ZAMFARA Potiskum
2015 : new
Kano Maiduguri

KEBBI
KANO
Zaria 2010 : new

REPUBLIC KADUNA
OF BENIN 2015 : 2nd Circuit
BAUCHI
2015 : Bauchi
3rd Circuit Kaduna

3 2
SHIRORO Jos

KAINJI
NIGER Gombe

GOMBE ADAMAWA
2
SAPELE

KWARA
P/ST.
2 Minna 2
REPUBLIC
JEBBA/GS 2010: new

2015 : new
Yola
OF CAMEROON
4
Abuja
PLATEAU Jalingo

JEBBA/TS
IIorin
ABUJA

OYO
3
NASSARAWA Lafia NIGERIA
2015 : new TARABA
Osogbo Lokoja

Makurdi
Ado
Ibadan 2 Ekiti 2015 : new

AJAOKUTA
MAKURDI
OGUN OSUN EKITI Bali

Geregu BENUE
Abeokuta KOGI Mambila
2 Akure
Aliade
Mambila Hydro
Okitipupa
ALAGBADO 2
ONDO
EGBIN
P/ST.
ENUGU 2015 : new

2
Benin EDO
Enugu EBONYI
Ikeja Akwa
Asaba
2005 : new
LAGOS 2
ONITSHA Abakaliki
4

SAPELE
AN AMBRAAgip
2 330KV LINES MULTIPLE CIRCUITS
P/ST. CROSS NOTE:
IMO Umuahia
RIVER
330KV LINES - EXISTING
DELTA
ABIA Some 330kV lines especially in
POWER ST.
Lagos and Delta areas could not
Owerri 330 KV BULK SUPPLY POINT
be indicated on this geographical
DELTA RIVERS Map. H
Uyo Calabar
Port See attached single diagram for HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION
Harcourt AKWA
2 Details.
2 IBOM
THERMAL POWER STATIONS
BAYELSA
2015 : new

2015 : new AFAM

POWER ST. ATLANTIC OCEAN
 TCN NETWORK WITH SUPERGRID
REPUBLIC
2015 : new
Niamey OF
SOKOTO NIGER CHAD
Sokoto
Katsina
132 kV

2015 : new
Hadejia YOBE
JIGAWA
Birnin BORNO

TRANSMISSION GRID STRUCTURE WITH THE SUPER GRID IN PLACE

Gusau
Kebbi

KATSINA Damaturu

ZAMFARA Potiskum
2015 : new
Kano Maiduguri

KEBBI
KANO
Zaria 2010 : new

REPUBLIC KADUNA
OF BENIN 2015 : 2nd Circuit
BAUCHI
2015 : Bauchi
3rd Circuit Kaduna

3 2
SHIRORO Jos

KAINJI
NIGER Gombe

GOMBE ADAMAWA
2
SAPELE
P/ST. Minna 2
2
KWARA
JEBBA/GS 2010: new
Yola
2015 : new
4
Abuja
PLATEAU Jalingo

JEBBA/TS
IIorin
ABUJA

OYO
3
NASSARAWA Lafia NIGERIA REPUBLIC
OF CAMEROON
2015 : new TARABA
Osogbo Lokoja

Makurdi
Ado
Ibadan 2 Ekiti 2015 : new

AJAOKUTA
MAKURDI
OGUN OSUN EKITI Bali

Geregu BENUE
Abeokuta KOGI Mambila
2 Akure
Aliade
Mambila Hydro
Okitipupa
ALAGBADO 2
ONDO
EGBIN
P/ST.
ENUGU 2015 : new

2
Benin EDO TRANSMISSION LINE LEGEND
Enugu EBONYI
Ikeja Akwa
700KV LINES SUPER GRID
Asaba
2005 : new
LAGOS 2
ONITSHA Abakaliki
4
700 / 330KV SUBSTATION

SAPELE
AN AMBRAAgip
2 330KV LINES MULTIPLE CIRCUITS
P/ST. CROSS NOTE:
IMO Umuahia
RIVER Some 330kV lines especially in
330KV LINES - EXISTING
DELTA
ABIA Lagos and Delta areas could not
POWER ST.
be indicated on this geographical
Owerri 330 KV BULK SUPPLY POINT
Map.
DELTA RIVERS See attached single diagram for H
Uyo Calabar
Port Details. HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION
Harcourt 2 AKWA
2 IBOM
THERMAL POWER STATIONS
BAYELSA
2015 : new

2015 : new AFAM

POWER ST. ATLANTIC OCEAN
THANK YOU