and Hazards Geological Processes are dynamic processes at work in the earths landforms and surface.
The mechanisms involved, plate tectonics, erosion,
chemical weathering, and sedimentation. Plate Tectonics - splitting and joining of landmasses. Erosion - when rock is worn away by water, ice or even wind, this is known as erosion.
- particles of grit and sand carried by water or wind have
an abrasive effect and can sculpt rock into new shapes on a large scale. Chemical Weathering - Rock can react with substances present in water or in the air, producing chemical weathering. Sedimentation - Material suspended or dissolved in water forms rock by a processes known as sedimentation or deposition.
- examples include sandstone, limestone, gypsum.
Geological Hazard is one of the several types of adverse geologic conditions capable of causing damage or loss of property and life.
Sudden phenomena include: avalanches, earthquake,
forest fires, landslide and etc.. Earthquake also known as a quake, tremor or temblor is the shaking of the surface of the earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earths lithosphere that create seismic waves.
- worlds largest earthquake with an
instrumentally documented magnitude occurred on May 22, 1960 near Valdivia, in southern Chile. - it was assigned a magnitude of 9.5 by US Geological Survey. - The USGS reports this event as the largest earthquake of the 20th Century. Landslide also known as a landslip, is a form of mass wasting that includes a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep failure of slopes, an shallow debris flows.
- Landslides can occur underwater, called a submarine
landslide, coastal, and onshore environments.
- The 8.5 magnitude Haiyuan Earthquake was the worlds
second deadliest earthquake of the 20th Century. It generated a series of 675 major loess landslides causing massive destruction to lives and property. Volcanic Eruption occurs when hot material are thrown out of a volcano lava, rocks, dust, ash and gas compounds are some of these ejecta.
- The biggest volcanic eruption in human history occurred
in 1815 on the Indonesian island of Sumbawa, leaving 100,000 dead. - There was between six months and three years of steaming and small eruptions after the initial one. - Because of the 400 million ton cloud of gas the volcano created, the earth began to cool and 1816 became known as The Year Without Summer because of the lo temperatures, which killed crops and led to mass starvation.