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Mole Fractions
Component I II III
1 0.70 0.15 0.15
2 0.15 0.70 0.15
3 0.15 0.15 0.7
Example 1
Note the existence of four azeotropes, where
compositions are in mol %:
Azeotrope T oC
Methyl acetate (65%), methanol (35%) Binary 53.5
(3)
connecting all azeotropes, 0.2 0.8
ne
azeotropes & vertices, and
xa
<<
He
finally vertices & vertices
Me
<<
with arrow heads pointing
tha
0.4 0.6
no
towards increasing boiling 50oC
l (2
)
point temperatures
0.6 0.4
o 53.5oC
49 C
0.8 0.2
1 0
C oC 0
(3) 68.7 0.2 0.4 o
0.6 51.8 C 0.8 A oC
1(1) 57.8
MA (1) >>
Example 1 Solution
Plot pure components on
vertices with Tb
(2) 64.7oC
Plot all azeotropes on 0 1
diagram with Tb
Plot the residue curves
(3)
connecting all azeotropes, 0.2 0.8
ne
azeotropes & vertices, and
xa
<<
He
finally vertices & vertices
Me
<<
with arrow heads pointing
tha
0.4 0.6
no
towards increasing boiling 50oC
l (2
)
point temperatures
0.6 0.4
Plot additional residue 49 Co 53.5oC
1 0
(3) 68.7oC 0 0.2 0.4 o
0.6 51.8 C 0.8
o
1(1) 57.8 C
MA (1) >>
Feed I
Example 1 Solution
Plot pure components on
vertices with Tb
(2) 64.7oC
Plot all azeotropes on 0 1
diagram with Tb
Plot the residue curves
(3)
connecting all azeotropes, 0.2 0.8
ne
azeotropes & vertices, and
xa
<<
He
finally vertices & vertices
Me
<<
with arrow heads pointing
tha
0.4 0.6
no
towards increasing boiling 50oC
l (2
)
point temperatures
0.6 0.4
Plot additional residue 49 Co 53.5oC
1 0
(3) 68.7oC 0 0.2 0.4 o
0.6 51.8 C 0.8
o
1(1) 57.8 C
MA (1) >>
Feed III Feed I
Example 1 Solution
Plot pure components on
vertices with Tb
(2) 64.7oC
Plot all azeotropes on 0 1
diagram with Tb Feed II
Plot the residue curves
(3)
connecting all azeotropes, 0.2 0.8
ne
azeotropes & vertices, and
xa
<<
He
finally vertices & vertices
Me
<<
with arrow heads pointing
tha
0.4 0.6
no
towards increasing boiling 50oC
l (2
)
point temperatures
0.6 0.4
Plot additional residue 49 Co 53.5oC
1 0
(3) 68.7oC 0 0.2 0.4 o
0.6 51.8 C 0.8
o
1(1) 57.8 C
MA (1) >>
Feed III Feed I
Example 1 Solution
Plot pure components on
vertices with Tb
Plot all azeotropes on
diagram with Tb
Plot the residue curves
connecting all azeotropes,
azeotropes & vertices, and
finally vertices & vertices
with arrow heads pointing
towards increasing boiling
point temperatures
Plot additional residue
curves that arch towards
intermediate temperatures
on the way to the end point
Example 2
A stream consisting of a mixture of A, an organic
component, and water, B, which forms an azeotrope. A
separation process is to be designed to obtain pure
products A and B. The plant manager suggests that you
investigate the possibility of using component C as MSA.
Component Boiling Temperature (K)
A 360
B 400
C 370
360 K
III, 330 K
I, 350 K
IV, 315 K
II, 360 K C
400 K 370 K
Example 2 Solution
S2
360 K D1 D2
M1 S1
F
B2 M2
B1 B2
III, 330 K D1
I, 350 K
M2
F
D2 S2
M1
S1 IV, 315 K
B1
II, 360 K C
400 K 370 K