Documenti di Didattica
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(SA)
Sabrina Andiani K.
121.0211.199
A1
Normal AV
The aortic valve controls the direction of blood flow from
the left ventricle to the aorta
The aortic valve has three flaps, called "cusps," or
leaflets that open and close
During ventricular systole, pressure rises in the left
ventricle. When the pressure in the left ventricle rises
above the pressure in the aorta, the aortic valve opens,
allowing blood to exit the left ventricle into the aorta
When ventricular systole ends, pressure in the left
ventricle rapidly drops. When the pressure in the left
ventricle decreases, the aortic pressure forces the aortic
valve to close
Malfunctions
If the valve does not open
fully, it will obstruct the flow of
blood. This is called valve
stenosis
If the valve does not close
properly, it will allow blood to
leak backwards. This is called
valve incompetence or
regurgitation
Heart valves can have both
malfunctions at the same time
(regurgitation and stenosis).
Also, more than one heart valve
can be affected at the same
time
Definisi:
PJB yg disebabkan o/ kelainan perkembangan
struktural dr lembaran2 katup
Epidemiologi:
5 dr 10.000 kelahiran hidup
: = 4:1
20% pasien memiliki kelainan tambahan
(biasanya berupa koarktasi aorta)
Etiologi:
1. Malformasi katup stenosis kongenital
(usia < 15 thn)
2. Malformasi katup bikuspid kongenital
stenotik akibat kalsifikasi (hingga usia 65 thn)
3. Stenosis inflamasi rematik pd katup
trikuspid
Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Nodular calcific masses on aortic side of cusps
No commissural fusion
Free edges of cusps are not involved
Stellate-shaped systolic orifice
Bicuspid Aortic valve
Fusion of the right and left coronary cusps
(80%)
Fusion of the right and non-coronary
cusps(20%)
Rheumatic aortic stenosis
Characterized by:
Commissural fusion
Triangular systolic orifice
Thickening & calcification
Accompanied by rheumatic mitral valve
changes
Types:
Valvular Most common
Subvalvular(subaortic) involves the left
outflow tract
Supravalvular involves the ascending
aorta is the least common
Supravalvular/Subvalvular