PREFABRICATED

STRUCTURES

BY- S Yogesh
15MST1003
VIT University, Chennai Campus
Definition
Prefabrication is the practice of assembling components of a
structures in a factory or other manufacturing site and
transporting complete assemblies or sub assemblies to the
construction site where the structure is to be located.
Aim

To effect economy in cost

To improve quality

To speed up construction since no curing is necessary

To use locally available materials

Advantages
Work time is reduced

Less workers needed

Work done with better technology

Interruption in connection can be omitted

Limitations
size of the units.

location of window openings has a limited variety.

site access and storage capacity.

require high quality control.

enable interaction between design phase and production

planning.

difficult to handling & transporting.

Materials of Construction

Materials like concrete, steel, hard wood,

aluminium etc

Special characteristics while choosing materials

- Easy available

- Economy

- Easy workability

- Light weight

- Durability
MODULAR COORDINATION

Modular coordination is a concept of coordination of

dimension and space in which building components are
positioned in terms of MODULE(M).

1M= 100mm
DIMENSIONS OF PRE FAB COMPONENTS
As per IS 15916(2011)

Flooring and Roofing

Length- multiple of 3M
Width multiple of 1 M
Thickness multiple of M/4

Beams
Length multiple of 3M
Width multiple of M/4
Depth multiple of M/4
 Column
Height multiple of 1M for height up to 2.8m and height above
28m is multiple of 2M
Lateral dimension- multiple of M/4

Wall
- Thickness multiple of M/4

Staircase
Width multiple of 1M
 Lintels
Length multiple of 1M
Width multiple of M/4
Depth multiple of M/4

Sunshade
Length multiple of 1M
Projection- multiple of 1M
The following aspects of pre fabrication system:
a)Effective utilization of spaces

b) Straight and simple walling scheme

c) Limited sizes and numbers of components

d) Limited opening in bearing walls

e) Regulated locations of partitions;

f) Standardized service and stair units;

g) Limited sizes of doors and windows with

regulated positions
 Comparison
Site-cast
no transportation
the size limitation is depending
on the elevation capacity only
lower quality because directly
affected by weather
proper, large free space
required
Precast at plant
transportation and elevation capacity
limits the size-
higher, industrialized quality less
affected by weather
no space requirement on the site for
fabrication
unlimited opportunities of
architectural appearance
 A Government of India Enterprise

ISO 9001: 2008 certified company was incorporated in 1953

HPL has built a wide spectrum of civil engineering structures using

both conventional in-situ as well as prefab techniques and

supplied components for the building industry & the national railways

It also became the first company to produce precast pre stressed

concrete railway bridge girders for making railway bridges in the
country
HPL has a modern factory for manufacturing
precast concrete products, which includes the
following.

1) Precast pre stressed concrete products like

Railway Sleepers and Electric Poles.

2) Autoclaved aerated cellular concrete. These

are light weight yet have sufficient strength for
walling and other applications.

3) Reinforced concrete products like pavements

slabs, frames, water tanks, bridge girders,
interlocking solid blocks for pavement & for
retaining walls, kerb stone etc.

4) Timber joinery components and wood

substitute items manufactured with
wood/medium density fibreboard in the
companys timber workshop
HPL had designed and built many prestigious Institutional buildings.
These comprise Schools, Colleges, Training Centres, Hospitals, Office
Complexes and Airport Terminal Buildings.
The National Academy for Training and Research in Social Security
(NATRSS) is a training centre with class rooms, auditorium, offices,
lecture theatres, hostel block, health club, swimming pool and
underground parking with a total covered area of 7200 sq. meters

The project cost was INR 62.4 Million.

Conclusion
o Reduce adverse environmental impact on sites.

o Enhance quality control of concreting work.

o Reduce the amount of site labour.

o Increase worker safety .

o The use of precast concrete construction can significantly

reduce the amount of construction waste generated on
construction sites.