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Types :
a) Regional/Commuter Rail : Commuter rail, also called suburban rail, is a passenger
rail transport service between a city center, and outer suburbs and commuter towns
or other locations that draw large numbers of commuterspeople who travel on a
daily basis. Regional rail or commuter rail runs on trackage often shared with
intercity rail and freight trains
b) Intercity Rail: Inter-city rail services are express passenger train services that cover
longer distances than commuter or regional trains.
c) Freight Trains: A freight train or goods train is a group of freight cars (US) or
goods wagons (UIC) hauled by one or more locomotives on a railway, ultimately
transporting cargo between two points as part of the logistics chain.
Permanent Way Materials
1. Rails
2. Concrete Sleepers
3. Fastenings
4. Switches & Crossings (Turnouts)
Running Rails
Rail Joints
Mechanical Rail Joints
A. Fish Plate Joints
B. Flash Butt Welding
C. Alumino Thermit Welding
D. Insulated Rail Joints
Rail mechanical joints have been used in the railway industry to improve
the lateral and vertical alignment of the rails at their ends.
Rail Joints
A. Fish Plate Joints
As illustrated in the Figure, the normal rail joints consist of fishplates that are
bolted at the rail ends through a number of bolt holes (either two or three
or more) that have been drilled near the neutral axis in the rail web.
Rail Joints
B. Insulated Rail Joints
Rails are welded together to reclaim 18m of rail into longer length strips.
This can assist the track welding production with greater productivity gains
Sleepers
A railway sleeper is a rectangular object used as a base for railroad tracks. Ties
are members generally laid transverse to the rails, on which the rails are
supported and fixed, to transfer the loads from rails to the ballast and
subgrade, and to hold the rails to the correct gauge.
Types of Sleepers:
Steel Sleepers
Wooden Sleepers
Concrete Sleepers
Sleepers
Pre-Stressed Concrete Sleepers