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Per-hjalmar.lehne@telenor.com
Frode.bohagen@telenor.com
Outline
Channel, h(t)
1 j2 q k a k , k q
TU N c 1 N c 1 TU 1
aq t
aq e j2 qDft
e j2 kDft
dt e
TU
dt
TU 0 q 0 q 0 TU 0 0, k q
Received signal, r(t)
Time domain
frequency
OFDM Competence Development
23 Jan 2008
7
OFDM Signal properties
[ k , k ]
LOS Path [ 0 , 0 ]
[1 , 1 ]
Reflected Path
TS
Tcp TU
Time
PA
PA
Average Peak
PIN
Timing recovery
No problem if offset is within D
max D
CP Useful symbol
Integration period, TU
Frequency synchronization
A carrier synchronization error will introduce phase
rotation, amplitude reduction and ICI
Frequency offsets of up to 2 % of Df is negligible
Even offsets of 5 10 % can be tolerated in many
situations
Advantages
Splitting the channel into narrowband channels enables significant
simplification of equalizer design
Effective implementation possible by applying FFT
Flexible bandwidths enabled through scalable number of sub-
channels
Possible to exploit both time and frequency domain variations (time
domain adaptation/coding + freq. domain adaptation/coding)
Challenges
Large peak to average power ratio
Frequency/subcarrier
PA
CP Channel, h(t)