PRESENTED BY OGBONNAYA MARTINS

ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

The purpose of this document is to provide every participant in this project as
well as the client, a single point of reference that identifies the overall
framework for the execution of the QPDUP electrical & instrumentation
fabrication, installations and commissioning.
Our project work method statement contains organisational framework for the
project including the roles and responsibilities of the key project personnels.

This document also provides the site implementation strategy/procedures step

by step to the correct/best practices for:

Mobilization and provision of temporary site/facilities

Mobilization of all required and approved construction plant tools, equipment,
scaffolding, erection of all temporary facilities, manpower, consumables,
logistics and utilities required throughout the execution of the project shall be
conducted in a safe manner with emphasis on client temporary facility
installation standards and requirements.
 Tools & Equipment:
Complete electrical & mechanical tool box
Portable hand tools
Portable drilling machines
Grinding machine
Megger insulation testing equipment
Megger digital Earth resistance test equipment
Digital multimeter
Cable lugging tool
Cable crimping tools
Cable torque machine
Cable cutters
Measuring tapes
Level plums
Complete and adequate PPEs
Medevac van
Project vehicles
 Procedure:
SAFETY:
We shall obtain client inspection/premob of all work tools/equipment
Obtain facility As-built/panel schematic drawings, FAT test reports etc.
We shall ensure that only trained/Authorised electrical persons only shall operate
the power tools and do the commissioning testing activities.
We shall ensure that all temporary electrical installations shall comply with client
specifications and industry best practices.
We shall ensure adequate lighting is provided in the working area at night time
and if inside, the building area to be well illuminated.
All confined space activities shall be carefully planned, client reviews/approval
before commencement.
Safe lifting & shifting of switchgear and its related hazards and risks shall be
Identified before commencement of work
Ensure service area/work area openings are provided with barricade, tapes,
safety nets and warning signage to be provided (e.g Danger: High voltage)
We shall ensure LOTO procedures to be followed and implement logout & tag out
during
execution of work
Emergency response plan & procedure shall be developed and established as
per the site condition during this execution project
SAFETY CONTD:
PTW to be applied and obtained to start work on the required area
Calibrated instruments only to be used
We shall ensure power supply cable used for temporary supply shall not have any joints

WORK SEQUENCE AND METHODOLOGY:

All materials delivered/free-issued to site is inspected properly by our QA/QC engr

and check if it is stored properly as per manufacturers recommendations
MIR shall be raised for the inspection of materials received at site by QA/QC Engr
Work shall be carried out by site staffs under strict supervision & guidance of the PM

SAFE HANDLING & STORAGE:

On receipt of MV panels and other electrical materials at site, necessary precautions
shall be taken for unloading, shifting and storage as follows:
Materials shall be stored in a covered/dry space at all times
All materials received at site shall be inspected and ensure that the materials are as
per AFC
Any discrepancies, damages etc found will be noted and reported to client for
further action/steer
.
MAIN GATE ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION INSTALLATIONS AND COMMISSIONING:

Obtain relevant PTW and proper LOTO/isolations to the work areas

Obtain client relevant design & installation standards/specification relevant to this installations
Conduct daily tool box meeting with each work crew (competent personnel and helpers)
Probing of areas for underground facilities/utilities.
Cutting of existing concrete and excavation of new cable ducts/trenches to 11kv switchgear
panel in the Main gate Switchroom
Laying of power & control cables, including harnessing, tagging /makers.sealants etc.
Fabricate and install supports for new 11kv switchgear panels
Fabricate and install supports for Remote control panel
Confirm equipment locations in AFC drawings
Assemble & install new 11kv switchgear and remote control panel cubicles as indicated in the
layout /AFC drawings
Assemble & install new remote control panel in the designated control room using panel
schematic drawings
Assemble & install new 48VDC system using panel schematic drawings
Connect switchgear panel cubicles including busbars, meterings/indicators &other internal wirings
using panel schematic drawings
Connect 48VDC panel complete with batteries and link to 11kv switchgear panel
Assemble & install new UPS system in the switchroom
Carryout power & control cable harnessing on the 11kv and control panels
MAIN GATE ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION INSTALLATIONS AND COMMISSIONING:

Open all cable ends, test cable for IR and continuity and document results
Install LV CBs into existing MCC cubicle and doors
Install the Kirk-key interlock in the switchgear panel
Gland power and control cables in each panel cubicles
Prepare MV power cables, splice cables using appropriate rated splicing kits and test cables
Prepare power and control cables for termination using appropriate heat shrink termination kits
After heat shrinking cables, lug cable ends and do confirmatory tests before terminations.
Tag each power and control cable
Terminate power and control cables using preset torque machine
Ensure proper earth bond/links for each switchgear, remote control, 48VDC and UPS panels
Excavate substation earthing groundbed locations/points
Using appropriate tools, sink substation grounding system and link conductors to all equipment
Carry out earth resistance test for each ground points. Document readings
Using appropriate conducts, make equipotential bond for the station earthing, test and document.
Provide earhing busbar for internal & external equipotential bonding for equipment, panels, doors
Grease all earth link points
Replace existing window AC unit and ensure adequate panel and comfort switchroom cooling
Backfill all cable trenches using with slabs and sharp sand.
Using appropriate test equipment, carryout commissioning of 11kv switchgear which includes
Carryout power & control cable harnessing on the 11kv and control panels
Open all cable ends, test cable for IR and continuity and document results
MAIN GATE ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION INSTALLATIONS AND COMMISSIONING:

PRECOMMISSIONING AND FINAL COMMISSIONING:

Carryout pre-commissioning checks on all panel connections, cable terminations using AFC
and schematic drawings.

Using appropriate test equipment, carryout commissioning of 11kv switchgear which includes:
Ducter tester (Digital microhm tester), continuity test, HV & LV IR tests, contact resistance test.
Prepare and obtain approval for HV switch procedure for final commissioning of switchgear panel
Using switching procedure carryout energization of all installations

DEMOLITION / SITE RESTORATION

Ensure complete LOTO and confirm isolation of obsollete equipmet prior to decommissioning
Disconnect, cut and remove existing identified MV cable from existing Ring Main Unit (RMU)
Dismantle and remove existing RMU and its structural supports, etc
Dismantle and remove existing cubicle door of existing 400V MCC
Remove existing window-type air conditioning unit
Proper documentations and handover of all decommissioned equipment to client designated area
Carryout proper segregation of waste
Carryout site good house keeping and restore site to operations
MODIFICATION AND COMMISSIONING OF ABB MV SWITCHGEARS AND MIMIC PANEL:

Obtain relevant PTW and proper LOTO/isolations to the work areas

Obtain client relevant design & installation standards/specification relevant to this installations
Conduct daily tool box meeting with each work crew (competent personnel and helpers)
Probing of areas for underground facilities/utilities and produce report.
Inspect and collect free-issued Cbs , compartment doors, ammeters, CTs etc
Prepare available equipped space on existing 11kV switchgears and install CBs complete with
internal control wirings etc
Prepare available equipped space on existing 4.16kV switchgear panel and install CBs complete
with internal control wirings etc
Drill/knockout hole openings on existing MIMIC panel and install ammeters. Breaker control
switches, semaphone indicators etc
Install various control & selector switches/ components on mimic panel complete with lens cap
Install free-issued CTs on 11kv & 4.16kv switchgears and re-terminate existing control cables
Install ammeter on 11kv & 4.16kv switchgears, mimic panel & re-terminate existing control cables
Replace existing nameplates on the 11kv & 4.16kv switchgear panels
Carryout adequate internal wiring modifications/connections using client provided schematic to
the new compartment doors, new CTs, existing frequency and undervoltage relays
Carryout integrity checks on all installations
Obtain client approval and energise the switchgear and mimic panels
BLDG811001 ELECTRICAL & CONTROL SYSTEM NSTALLATIONS AND COMMISSIONING:

Obtain relevant PTW and proper LOTO/isolations to the work areas

Obtain client relevant design & installation standards/specification relevant to this installations
Conduct daily tool box meeting with each work crew (competent personnel and helpers)
Probing of areas for underground facilities/utilities and produce report.
Fabricate and install various sizes & types of cable trays complete with adequate supports ets
Install various sizes of conduits for internal lighting connections
Obtain all relevant FAT reports on power and distribution transformers
Integrity checks on existing cable ducts prior to cable laying/installations
Install cable MCTs frames complete with EMC Rox modules wedge etc
Using layout drawing mark new distribution transformer bases
Carryout transformer dielectric strength test, note result and document .
Prepare transformer plinght/bases
Lift and position new transformers on bases
Lay all power & control cables, including harnessing, tagging /markers.sealants etc on cable
trays
Open all cable ends, test cables for IR and continuity and document results
Prepare power cables, splice cables using appropriate rated splicing kits and test cables
Prepare power and control cables for termination using appropriate heat shrink termination kits
After heat shrinking cables, lug cable ends and do confirmatory tests before terminations.
Tag each power and control cable
BLDG811001 ELECTRICAL & CONTROL SYSTEM NSTALLATIONS AND COMMISSIONING:

Terminate all internal lighting cables

Terminate power and control cables using preset torque machine on HV & LV sides of power
and distribution transformers
Install transformer NGR
Ensure adequate glanding and bonding of all power and control cables
Install transformer name plates
Carryout transformer yard grouting,
Ensure proper earth bond/links for each transformer base/frames
Excavate substation earthing groundbed locations/points
Using appropriate tools, sink substation grounding system and link conductors to all
transformers
Carry out earth resistance test for each ground points document readings.
Using appropriate conducts, make equipotential bond for the station earthing, test and
document.
Grease all earth link points
BLDG811001 ELECTRICAL & CONTROL SYSTEM NSTALLATIONS AND COMMISSIONING:

PRECOMMISSIONING AND FINAL COMMISSIONING:

Carryout pre-commissioning checks on all Transformer & earthing connections, cable
terminations using using cable torque machine.
Prepare and obtain client approval of switching procedure prior to transformer 24 hours NO
LOAD socking
Energize transformers for 24 hours NO LOAD coil socking
Monitor new transformer installation parameters on LV switchboard (Voltage, Frequency, oil
level, oil temperature) etc
After transformer 24 hours coil socking, load transformer and observe relevant parameters
Carryout proper segregation of all installation wastes
Carryout site good house keeping and restore site to operations
 Dissolved Gas In Oil Analysis (Most famous
and Required Test)
Screen tests
Water Content
Metals - In Oil
Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Content
 Small samples of oil are taken for
this test, using a clean, moisture -
free, gas- tight container usually a
ground glass 50 ml syringe. It is
very important that a DGA sample is
kept air tight; otherwise the gases
that are dissolved in the liquid can
escape into the atmosphere, or
external gases can be admitted,
which would invalidate the test
results. The syringe is sent to
laboratory for gas extraction and
analysis. Gases are extracted from
the oil with a vacuum pump and the
gases are identified using gas
chromatography.
Non Combustible Gases Combustible Gases
Oxygen Hydrogen
Nitrogen Methane
Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide
Ethane
Ethylene
Acetylene
Propylene
Propane
 Assesses the Internal condition of
transformer
Helps to calculate the probability of failure
and end of life.
Identifies degradation of insulation before
failure of the life.
Low cost test process
As the name implies, this test analyzes the
type and the quantity of gases that are
dissolved in the transformer oil.
i. Insulation overheating/overloading
ii. Insulation liquid overheating
iii. Partial discharge (Corona)
iv. Arcing in the transformer
 The paper insulation which is normally used to insulate
the windings of a transformer is a cellulose product.
If a transformer becomes overloaded for any reason, the
windings will generate more heat and deteriorate the
cellulose insulation.
The DGA test can identify an overloaded transformer by
a test result showing high carbon monoxide, high
carbon dioxide, and in extreme cases, even elevated
methane and ethylene is found.
If a transformer is overloaded for a long period of time,
the deteriorating condition of the cellulose will shorten
the life of the transformer.
 Overheating of the liquid insulation is slightly different
problem in transformers.
DGA test will indicate high thermal gases (methane,
ethane and ethylene) as a result of overheating of the
liquid.
These gases are formed from a breakdown of the liquid
caused by the heat.
Heating may be caused due to the following effects:-

1. Poor contacts on a tap changer.

2. Loose connections on a busing or a grounding strap.
3. Circulating currents in the core due to an
unintended core ground.
 Corona is considered to be a
partial discharge and occurs at
areas of high electrical stress,
such as at sharp points along
an electrical path.
Partial discharge is commonly
explained as being intermittent
unsustained arcs which are
sort off of the conducting
material like a stream of
electrons.
These arcs contact solid
insulating material will cause
severe damage to the
equipments.
When corona occurs the
Transmission Lines becomes
Violet Bluish in color due to
the ionization of elections.
 Corona is indicated in a DGA by indications
of Elevated Hydrogen.
If corona is detected by a DGA test, other
methods of pin-pointing the exact location
of the problem can be used a partial
discharge detector can be used to detect
the exact place where corona is making the
hissing noise.
 Arcing is the most severe condition in a
transformer because it indicates a breakdown of
the insulation.
The presence of Acetylene is an indicator of
arcing; and even low levels of this gas should
cause concern.
Normally, arcing occurs only after other
problems which are detected by the DGA testing.
However, the high energy required to produce an
arc will cause all combustibles to be elevated.
If the arc occurs in the area of cellulose
insulation, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
also will be elevated.
 Arcing can be generated in many areas of a
transformer.
Insulation breakdown in the windings from coil
to coil or coil to ground, will result in arcing. A
portion of the insulation may deteriorate until it
can no longer contain the stress of the electrical
conductor.
If a winding shorts from turn to turn, or phase to
phase, or phase to ground, arcing will occur and
the transformer will fail.
When arcing occur in the area of the windings,
the usual result is de-tanking of the transformer,
and a rewind conducted.
A loose connection also may cause arcing, but of
greater significance would be arcing due to
insulation breakdown.
 Status H CH CH CH CH CO CO TDCG

Condition 1 100 120 35 50 65 350 2500 720

Condition 2 101- 121- 36-50 51-100 66-100 351-570 2501-4000 721-1920

700 400

Condition 3 701- 401- 51-80 101-200 101-150 571- 4001- 1921-4630

1800 1000 1400 10000

Condition 4 >1800 >1000 >80 >200 >150 >1400 >10000 >4630

Dissolved Gas Concentrations Limits (ppm)

Hydrogen (H) , Methane(CH) , Acetylene (CH) Ethylene(CH),

Ethane (CH), Carbon Monoxide(CO), Carbon Dioxide(CO), Total
Dissolved Combustible Gas(TDCG)
 Condition 1 - TDCG below this level indicates
the transformer is operating satisfactorily
Condition 2 - TDCG within this range indicates
greater than normal combustible levels &
should prompt additional investigation. (any
gas exceeding specified levels)
Condition 3 - TDCG within this range indicates
high level of decomposition (additional
investigation required)
Condition 4 - TDCG within this range indicates
excessive decomposition. Continued operation
could result in failure of the transformer.
 The Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is a
chemical test rather than an electrical test.
It does not suffer from electrical
interference and can be done without de -
energization of the transformer. The cost of
each DGA is relatively inexpensive.
All these factors make DGA a powerful tool
in the preventive maintenance of
transformer.