NUTRITION

DISORDER

Surmita
Nutrition Department
Bandung Health Polytechnic
 Definition
Medical condition caused by improper or insufficient
diet
Condition that results from taking unbalanced diet in
which certain nutrient are lacking, in excess (too high
an intake) or in the wrong proportions
diseases in humans that are directly or indirectly
caused by a lack of essential nutrients in the diet.
Malnutrition includes : undernutrition, overnutrition,
and micronutrition deficiency
While malnutrition is more common in developing
countries, it is also present in developed countries.
 Overnutrition and Undernutrition
Overnutrition
Obesity
Diabetes
Cardiovascular disease
Hypervitaminosis

Undernutrition
Protein-energy malnutrition
Iron deficiency disorder
Iodine deficiency disorder
Vitamin A deficiency
etc
 Common nutritional disorder in
developing countries
Major Nutrition Problem in Indonesia
Protein Energy malnutrition
Iron deficiency anemia
Iodine deficiency disorder
Vitamin A deficiency
Obesity
 Protein Energy malnutrition
PEM or protein calorie malnutrition is refers to a form of
malnutrition where there is inadequate protein intake.
Protein-energy malnutrition affects children the most
because they have less protein intake.
Types include:
Kwashiorkor (protein
malnutrition
predominant)
Marasmus (deficiency
in both calorie and
protein nutrition)
Marasmic
Kwashiorkor
 Iron deficiency anemia
Iron-deficiency anemia (or iron-deficiency anaemia) is
a common anemia (low red blood cell level) caused by
insufficient dietary intake and absorption of iron,
and/or iron loss from intestinal bleeding, parasitic
infection, menstruation, etc. Red blood cells contain
iron and are not formed when iron is deficient.
 Iodine deficiency disorder
The term "iodine deficiency disorders" refers to the several
consequences that iodine deficiency imposes on
individuals. Important consequences include goiter,
hypothyroidism, and intellectual disability . When severe
iodine deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it is associated
with cretinism and increased neonatal and infant mortality.
 Vitamin A deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency is a lack of vitamin A in humans. It is
common in developing countries but rarely seen in
developed countries. Night blindness is one of the first
signs of vitamin A deficiency. Xerophthalmia,
keratomalacia, and complete blindness can also occur
since Vitamin A has a major role in phototransduction.
 Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat
has accumulated to the extent that it may have an
adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life
expectancy and/or increased health problems. Body
mass index (BMI), a measurement which compares
weight and height, defines people as overweight (pre-
obese) if their BMI is between 25 and 30 kg/m2, and
obese when it is greater than 30 kg/m2
Reading Article

Malnutrition
 Vocabularies
1. Malnutrition
2. Undernutrition
3. Overnutrition
4. Marasmic
5. Kwashiorkor
6. Macronutrient deficiency
7. Micronutrient deficiency
8. Breastfeeding
9. Inadequate availability of food
10. Anorexia
 Vocabularies
11. Gluconeogenesis
12. Oedema
13. Cardiovascular system
14. Tissues
15. Urinary nitrogen
16. Pathogenesis
17. Aflatoxin poisoning
18. Free radical
19. Clinical examination
20. Biochemical test
 Vocabularies
21. Moon face
22. Simian face
23. Angular stomatitis
24. Glossitis
25. Enamel mottling
26. Alopecia
27. Koilonychia
28. Hepatomegaly
29. Bradycardia
30. Petechiae
 Your tasks...
Do in your group
1. Read your article
2. Summarize your topic
3. Find the key word

By your self :
1. Make sentences using the key word
(10 sentences)
2. Determine : Subject, Verb, Object, Adverb
 ex: malnutrition, marasmic
1. Hunger and malnutrition remain the most
devastating problems facing the majority of
the Indonesian, especially for the poor.
2. Both marasmic and kwashiorkor are
diseases that arise due to an inadequate diet
and starvation.