by Nd: Yag laser on dental enamel: an in vitro study 2010 APRIL 8
JOURNAL OF REARCH AND METHODOLOGIES
Introduction:
Laser are being widely used for clinical cases and research work.
scientific literature shows laser treatment on enamel make
it more resistant to demineralization and caries.
Anderson JR and colleagues found laser irradiation caused
15% reduction demineralization compared to control group and 25% adding acidulated phosphate fluoride.
Huang GF, obtained, 43% inhibition of caries damage in
fissures and 80% on smooth surface using Nd:AG laser and fluorine varnish. The aim of this study is to evaluate the morphological and hardness variations of the enamel irradiated By neodymium:yttrium aluminium garnet(Nd: YAG) laser using different radiating energy levels on Dental Enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS
SAMPLES: 27 human teeth were analyzed.
The samples were kept in physiologic solution prior to
treatment. Irradiation by Nd:YAG Laser Pulse Master 600 IQ
(American Dental Technologies, Corpus Christi,
TX,Texas) Group A : control group, no treatment
Group B : lased with 60 mJ energy, 10 Hz frequency
and 0.6W power
Group C : lased with 120 mJ energy, 10 Hz frequency
and 1.2 W power
Group D : lased with 160 mJ energy, 15 Hz frequency
and 2.4 W power Materials and methods
In group : B ,C and D Enamel was irradiated for 20 sec by Nd: YAG laser , with a 1064 nm wave length,
Irradiation : conducted by an optic fibers probe
Diameter : 200m , directed perpendicular to the
enamel(5x5 mm2 ) surface. Methods of test
Five samples per group underwent
to Vickers micro-hardness test This test is to measure the hardness of materials .common measures of hardness, is to observe the questioned materials ability to resist the plastic deformation from the standard source.
Two teeth by scanning electron
microscopy. Result Vickers hardness test:
The results of micro hardness tests show
No statistically significant differences between test
and control groups.
Scanning electron microscopy:
Group B: similar morphological pattern.
Group C: Glazed areas, cracks and craters Group D: morphology completely different from control.
Enamel prisms ,became larger and irregular arrangement.
Discussion:
1. Laser has been proposed for preventive treatment, Diagnosis
of caries , etching, to de bond ceramic brackets and more recently to enlarge the root canal during the endodontic therapy.
2. In group B samples showed glazed surface absent micro
cracks this makes enamel more resistant to caries.
3. Group D samples show long straight columns separated by
voids, could be used for conservative dentistry. finish
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