HVDC SYSTEM

IN INDIA

BY,
RATNAKARAN T
ROLL NO:24
REG NO :15035661
EEE S5 (EVE)
 CONTENTS
Introduction
HVDC System overview
Components of HVDC Transmission system
Advantages and Disadvantages of HVDC Transmission system
HVDC Applications
Conclusion
References
 INTRODUCTION

The main HVDC project in inda as,

Assam to Agra in Uttar Pradesh, connecting 1,728 km, was started in
September 2013.
The HVDC RihandDelhi is a HVDC connection between Rihand and Dadri
(near Delhi) in India, put into service in 1990.
The HVDC interconnector will facilitate bidirectional control flow of power,
which means it can transfer power from the north-eastern region when it is
in surplus during the high hydro period of the year.
 HVDC SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The system consists of three blocks: the two converter stations and the
DC line. Within each station block there are several components
involved in the conversion of AC to DC and vice versa.

The HVDC technology is used in transmission systems to transmit electric

bulk power over long distances by cable or overhead lines.

It is also used to interconnect asynchronous AC systems having the same

or different frequency.
 The traditional HVDC system is built with line commutated current source
converters based on thyristor valves.

The operation of this converter requires a voltage source like synchronous

generators or synchronous condensers in the AC network at both ends.

The current commutated converters can not supply power to an AC system

which has no local generation.

The control of this system requires fast communication channels between

the two stations.
 ARGUMENTS FAVOURING HVDC:
The most common arguments favouring HVDC are:

Investment cost

Long distance water crossing

Lower losses

Asynchronous connection

Controllability

Limit short circuit currents

Environment
COMPONENTS OF HVDC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
The Thyristor or IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) valves make the
conversion from AC to DC and thus are the main component of any HVDC
converter. Each single valve consists of a certain amount of series
connected thyristors (or IGBTs) with their auxiliary circuits.

The Converter Transformers transform the voltage level of the AC busbar

to the required entry voltage level of the converter. The main component of
a converter station are:
Thyristor valves
VSC valves
 The Smoothing reactor, which main functions are:
Prevention of the intermittent current
Limitation of the DC fault currents
Prevention of resonance in the DC circuits
The Harmonic Filters, on the AC side of a HVDC converter station, which have
two main duties:
To absorb harmonic currents generated by the HVDC converter
To supply reactive power
DC filters
Surge arrester
DC Transmission circuit
Control and Protection
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HVDC
TRANSMISSION
ADVANTAGES
HVDC is the ability to transmit large amounts of power over long distances
with lower capital costs and with lower losses than AC. Depending on voltage
level and construction details, losses are quoted as about 3% per 1,000 km.
In a number of applications HVDC is more effective than AC transmission.
Examples include:
o Undersea cables
o Endpoint-to-endpoint long-haul bulk power transmission without

intermediate 'taps.
o Increasing the capacity of an existing power grid in situations where
additional wires are difficult or expensive to install.
o Power transmission and stabilization between unsynchronised AC
distribution systems
 DISADVANTAGES
The disadvantages of HVDC are in conversion, switching, control,
availability and maintenance.
HVDC is less reliable and has lower availability than AC systems. mainly due
to the extra conversion equipment.
At smaller transmission distances the losses in the static inverters may be
bigger than in an AC transmission line.
In contrast to AC systems, realizing multiterminal systems is complex, as is
expanding existing schemes to multiterminal systems.
High voltage DC circuit breakers are difficult to build because some
mechanism must be included in the circuit breaker to force current to zero,
otherwise arcing and contact wear would be too great to allow reliable
switching.
Operating a HVDC scheme requires many spare parts to be kept, often
exclusively for one system as HVDC systems are less standardized than AC
systems and technology changes faster.
 HVDC APPLICATIONS

Long Distance Bulk Power Transmission

Cable Transmission
Power Delivery to Large Urban Areas
 HVDC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
The HVDC Light transmission system mainly consists of two cables and two
converter stations. Each converter station is composed of a voltage source
converter (VSC) built up with IGBTs, phase reactors, ac filters and
transformer, as shown in Fig.
 CONCLUSION
A high-voltage, direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system
uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast
with the more common alternating current systems.
HVDC systems are less expensive and suffer lower electrical losses. For
shorter distances, the higher cost of DC conversion equipment compared
to an AC system may be warranted where other benefits of direct current
links are useful.HVDC systems remain the best economical and
environmentally friendly option for the above conventional applications.
 REFERENCES

G. Asplund, Application of HVDC Light to Power System Enhancement,

presented at IEEE/PES Winter Meeting, Singapore,January 2000.

M. P. Bahrman, B. K. Johnson, The ABCs of HVDC transmission

technologies, IEEE Power & Energy, vol. 5, pp.32-44, Apr. 2007.

J. Zhu, H. Chao, R. Mukerji, D. Wang and L. Brown, Economic

assessment for transmission upgrades in a deregulated market, 2006
Session, CIGRE C1-115.
ANY QUESTIONS?
THNK YOU