Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Dyspnea
Cough (usually worse in morning,
sputum production)
Wheezing
Cyanosis
Right heart failure
Weight loss, anorexia
Physical Exam
CBC: Hgb/Hct
ABG: pH, pCO2
Chemistry: HCO3
Emphysema
Diagnosis of COPD
Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Aimed at keeping patient conditioned with exercise,
perception of dyspnea, quality of life and self-efficacy.
Surgery
Bullectomy
Resection of large bullae compressing normal lung
Lung volume reduction surgery
Pneumonectomy of nonuniform emphysematous lung
Double lung transplantation
Can be life-saving, but is costly, can be lack of donor
availability and requires lifelong immunosuppression.
Treatment of COPD
Stages of COPD
Stage FEV1/FV FEV1 Clinical Findings
C Ratio %
At Risk >0.7 Patients who smoke, patients exposed to
high pollutants, and patients with recurrent
respiratory symptoms/infections. Give
influenza and pneumonia vaccines.
Mild < 0.7 >80 Add short-acting bronchodilator as needed